Putting Michael Cuddyer’s Hit Streak Into Perspective
Michael Cuddyer just finished going streaking. His 27-game streak, which lasted from May 28th to June 30th, was the longest since Dan Uggla’s 33-gamer in 2011. While he didn’t reach the 30-game benchmark that many sites use, 27 games is nothing to shake a stick at — Cuddyer’s streak was just the 135th of 25 or more games since 1916 that happened during the same season (there were also 18 that spanned two seasons, but I don’t count those. If you have a problem with that you can go suck a lemon). I didn’t have the time to go through all of those streaks, but I did have a chance to take a look at the streaks of 30 or more games, and I thought we could put Cuddyer’s streak into perspective.
To start, obviously, Cuddyer’s was at least three games fewer. That’s a given, and I didn’t need to explain that to you. Breaking down one of the 30-game-streak lists, which actually go back further than 1916, we find 54. But for our purposes here, we need to trim a little bit. We first eliminate the 12 streaks that span multiple seasons. I’m just not counting them. Nothing I do in September of one year has anything to do with what I do in April of the following year. It’s nonsense, as far as I’m concerned (feel free to disagree in the comments). We also have to eliminate the 12 streaks that occurred before 1916, which is the first season for which Baseball-Reference has game logs. They are:
| Player | Games | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Bill Dahlen | 42 | 1894 |
| Ty Cobb | 40 | 1911 |
| Fred Clarke | 35 | 1895 |
| George Davis | 33 | 1893 |
| Hal Chase | 33 | 1907 |
| Ed Delahanty | 31 | 1899 |
| Nap Lajoie | 31 | 1906 |
| Cal McVey | 30 | 1876 |
| Elmer Smith | 30 | 1898 |
| Tris Speaker | 30 | 1912 |
The Ty Cobb streak from 1911 seems like it would have been particularly awesome — he hit .420/.467/.621 for a .506 wOBA that year, and won the American League Most Valuable Player Award to boot. Chances are, he hit pretty freaking well during that streak. But we can’t say for sure because we don’t have the game logs. Or, we can’t directly compare it to other hit streaks because we don’t have the game logs.
In any case, we are left with 32 hit streaks. Three of the 32 streaks appear dubious to me — Moises Alou in 2007, Albert Pujols in 2003 and Ken Landreaux in 1980. During each of these streaks, there was a game in which the player had a single plate appearance, but was either walked or hit by a pitch, and thus did not have an official at-bat. These are still generally accepted streaks, and so I will accept them as well, but they don’t seem to be capturing the spirit of the thing. I just wanted to point that out. Mostly because I’m a nerd.
To make the comparisons, I took each player’s raw stats from their game logs as compiled by B-Ref, and then used the fantastically awesome Guts! page to help me calculate the wOBA and wRAA of each streak. Assuming I did all of that correctly (and there’s always a chance that I didn’t), here is how Cuddyer’s streak shakes out:
| Player | Games | Year | BA | OBP | SLG | WPA | wOBA | wRAA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joe DiMaggio | 56 | 1941 | 0.408 | 0.463 | 0.717 | 0.528 | 36.7 | |
| Rogers Hornsby | 33 | 1922 | 0.466 | 0.494 | 0.808 | 0.573 | 28.8 | |
| Tommy Holmes | 37 | 1945 | 0.423 | 0.494 | 0.699 | 1.377 | 0.550 | 28.7 |
| Ty Cobb | 35 | 1917 | 0.464 | 0.516 | 0.754 | 0.593 | 28.7 | |
| Paul Molitor | 39 | 1987 | 0.415 | 0.495 | 0.683 | 2.224 | 0.501 | 27.9 |
| Rico Carty | 31 | 1970 | 0.451 | 0.53 | 0.743 | 1.5 | 0.554 | 24.4 |
| George Brett | 30 | 1980 | 0.467 | 0.504 | 0.746 | 2.703 | 0.544 | 24.0 |
| George Sisler | 41 | 1922 | 0.454 | 0.489 | 0.615 | 0.501 | 23.7 | |
| Dan Uggla | 33 | 2011 | 0.377 | 0.438 | 0.762 | 1.507 | 0.510 | 22.4 |
| Chase Utley | 35 | 2006 | 0.405 | 0.452 | 0.699 | 1.994 | 0.483 | 21.7 |
| Albert Pujols | 30 | 2003 | 0.39 | 0.471 | 0.712 | 2.611 | 0.501 | 19.7 |
| Vladimir Guerrero | 31 | 1999 | 0.386 | 0.431 | 0.756 | 2.066 | 0.499 | 18.8 |
| Luis Gonzalez | 30 | 1999 | 0.4 | 0.466 | 0.696 | 1.716 | 0.492 | 17.5 |
| Eric Davis | 30 | 1998 | 0.4 | 0.43 | 0.708 | 1.897 | 0.478 | 17.4 |
| George McQuinn | 34 | 1938 | 0.386 | 0.457 | 0.572 | 0.467 | 16.8 | |
| Ryan Zimmerman | 30 | 2009 | 0.382 | 0.427 | 0.649 | 1.435 | 0.465 | 16.1 |
| Nomar Garciaparra | 30 | 1997 | 0.383 | 0.407 | 0.652 | 2.573 | 0.457 | 15.6 |
| Stan Musial | 30 | 1950 | 0.388 | 0.435 | 0.661 | 0.912 | 0.488 | 15.2 |
| Goose Goslin | 30 | 1934 | 0.376 | 0.443 | 0.616 | 0.472 | 15.0 | |
| Andre Ethier | 30 | 2011 | 0.397 | 0.462 | 0.56 | 1.617 | 0.453 | 14.1 |
| Willie Davis | 31 | 1969 | 0.435 | 0.463 | 0.532 | 1.792 | 0.450 | 13.7 |
| Sandy Alomar Jr. | 30 | 1997 | 0.422 | 0.455 | 0.595 | 1.333 | 0.462 | 13.5 |
| Moises Alou | 30 | 2007 | 0.403 | 0.445 | 0.588 | 0.586 | 0.455 | 13.4 |
| Pete Rose | 44 | 1978 | 0.385 | 0.421 | 0.462 | 1.305 | 0.400 | 12.3 |
| Ken Landreaux | 31 | 1980 | 0.392 | 0.445 | 0.496 | 1.206 | 0.428 | 11.6 |
| Sam Rice | 31 | 1924 | 0.402 | 0.448 | 0.5 | 0.440 | 10.9 | |
| Michael Cuddyer | 27 | 2013 | 0.372 | 0.4 | 0.575 | 0.693 | 0.423 | 10.5 |
| Luis Castillo | 35 | 2002 | 0.403 | 0.436 | 0.468 | 1.806 | 0.401 | 10.2 |
| Dom DiMaggio | 34 | 1949 | 0.34 | 0.418 | 0.487 | 0.631 | 0.420 | 10.1 |
| Heinie Manush | 33 | 1933 | 0.362 | 0.413 | 0.486 | 0.414 | 9.8 | |
| Benito Santiago | 34 | 1987 | 0.346 | 0.36 | 0.559 | 0.353 | 0.397 | 8.2 |
| Jerome Walton | 30 | 1989 | 0.338 | 0.352 | 0.449 | 1.543 | 0.357 | 4.7 |
| Willy Taveras | 30 | 2006 | 0.349 | 0.404 | 0.426 | 0.660 | 0.370 | 4.6 |
One item of note — the WPA comes from B-Ref, and it appears that they don’t have WPA for any pre-World War II seasons. I’m not a mathematician, but I’m pretty sure Joe DiMaggio would have a positive WPA during his hit streak.
As you can see, Cuddyer’s streak wasn’t historically awesome, and if I went back and included all of the 27-, 28- and 29-game hit streaks, it might fare even worse. But it wasn’t the worst. It was worth more in wRAA than streaks that were as many as eight games longer. This strikes me as pretty cool, even as someone who knew that Luis Castillo’s streak wasn’t anything to write home about as it was happening back in 2005.
When the Rockies traded Seth Smith and signed Michael Cuddyer following the 2011 season, several people were critical of the moves, including myself. Then Cuddyer went out and underwhelmed when he did play in 2012, which was mainly the first half — he missed all but 19 games in the second half with an oblique injury — which didn’t help matters any. This year however, Cuddyer has silenced critics, and the hit streak is only part of that. If he maintains it, his 158 wRC+ will easily be a career best, and even though he has been an atrocious fielder in right field, he has already doubled his WAR from last season in roughly 2/3 the games played.
Hitting streaks the length of which Cuddyer just put together don’t come around every year, and they are a pretty interesting subject that I may dig into more in the near future. Players compile these streaks more frequently than they used to, but you still only have to look back to 2010 to find a year without a hitting streak of 25 or more games. He may not have had the best hitting streak ever, but Cuddyer’s streak was still pretty sweet, and while his defense will hold him out of any serious MVP discussions, he is putting together a pretty nice season overall.
Paul Swydan used to be the managing editor of The Hardball Times, a writer and editor for FanGraphs and a writer for Boston.com and The Boston Globe. Now, he owns The Silver Unicorn Bookstore, an independent bookstore in Acton, Mass. Follow him on Twitter @Swydan. Follow the store @SilUnicornActon.
I don’t see why you wouldn’t accept the streaks that had a game with 1 PA and got walked or hit by pitch. It wouldn’t be fair to those guys, because they didn’t even get a chance to get a hit, and they were still perfect otherwise. I still think the whole concept of a hit streak is stupid, anyway.
“These are still generally accepted streaks, and so I will accept them as well”
So stupid that you chose to read an article about a hit streak? Oh, ok.
We’re getting a lot of perspective from Fangraphs today…I guess I needed it.
Generally I like sucking a lemon, at least a little bit.
Anyway, I don’t have a problem with not counting streaks that spanned two seasons — really I don’t! — but, why?
I have been hoping Cuddyer would get some press for his rather ridiculous, yet unheralded offensive performance.
Unfortunately, aside from recognition within the nerd of roto fandom, and MLB circles, Cuddyer’s performance has gone widely unnoticed because he doesn’t play in a ‘big market’ city.
Hmm… That’s why Segura and Gomez are getting attention, right?
Actually the casual fan kinda doesn’t know who they are.
“Nothing I do in September of one year has anything to do with what I do in April of the following year. It’s nonsense, as far as I’m concerned.”
I’m having second thoughts about some things.
While I understand the reluctance to accept streaks that span two seasons, I feel it is still rather impressive, albeit in a different manner, to end the year on a hot streak and start the next one raking as well. Considering that random luck plays a role in all hitting streaks (for example, Paul mentions Luis Castillo), I feel “multiple season” streaks deserve a similar level of respect.
Yeah it’s not like a hit streak actually demonstrates any particular skill. Good hitters get hits, and good hitters who get hits are more likely to get hits for many consecutive days. The “streak” part is a total statistical anomaly, and its just as much of an anomaly over multiple seasons.
My first sentence sounded sarcastic but it isn’t. Hit streaks obviously speak to hitting skill but there is no “consecutive day hitting” skill, there is just a “get lots of hits” skill.
Given that mental concerns may cause hitters or pitchers to lose the ability to do what they have been doing for years (ie Steve Blass Disease), there is quite probably a positive reinforcement process that could affect a hitters confidence, and thus his ability to hit – it may make him or decisive, in which case, if his batting eye is pretty good he ends up swinging on more strikes, and less on balls. Also, if a hitter becomes overly in his hitting, I imagine he might start swinging at more pitches, regardless of whether they are good or not, and thus gain more hits, perhaps at the expense of fewer walks and additional swinging strikeouts.
Great article!
Why is a hit by pitch worth more than a base on balls in the calculation of wOBA? I would think that they would either be equal or the base on balls would be worth more, as the pitcher generally has to throw more pitches on a bb than a hbp.
Also, why do the weighted values for all outcomes of a plate appearance change season to season?
A couple of reasons. First, non-intentional walks can sometimes help the defense, e.g. the non-intentional intentional walk to set up a double play or to gain the platoon advantage for the next batter. These type of events can be planned, even if they go into the books as a BB.
Another matter is HBP are almost never helpful to the defense. Empirical data suggest that a HBP has a greater run value than a BB, thus it is weighted more heavily.
Weighted values for events change year-to-year because the run environment changes year to year. Even the so-called constant in FIP changes each season. Look at the league average from 2009 to 2010. The total non-pitcher triple slash in 2009 was .266/.338/.425 but that line fell to .261/.330/.410 in 2010. Games played, PA’s, TBF etc. all change from one season to the next, thus our measurements must change as well. Hope that helps!
That certainly helps! Thanks David.
Yesterday I woke up sucking on a lemon…
Does anyone else pronounce– insofar as this word is meaningful in this sense– Cuddyer’s name as “cud-yer” in his head, but when saying name out loud correct it to “cu-dy-er”? No?
Nope.
I know you’re not counting streaks over two seasons, but Jimmy Rollins’s of a couple years back include 36 in the first season, if I recall. How would that rank?
LOL Willy Taveras
What’s so funny?