The Obviousness of Billy Hamilton
“I didn’t send him out there to paint,” Dusty Baker would say. “It was no secret.”
One of the things about strategic maneuvers in baseball is that they’re usually evident ahead of time. There aren’t many equivalents to, say, a corner blitz. If a manager goes to the bullpen, the other team sees the new reliever first, and can get ready to hit him. If a defense shifts for a hitter, the hitter can observe the shifted positioning, and think about how he wants to adjust. If a manager inserts a pinch-runner, the other team can figure that runner might be running. There’s little sense in a pinch-runner otherwise. Much about baseball can be surprising. The same cannot be said for much of baseball strategy.
Billy Hamilton made his major-league debut Tuesday night, in a scoreless game between the Reds and the Cardinals. He made it not as a starter, but as a runner, having recently come up as a September promotion. Hamilton ran for Ryan Ludwick with none out in the bottom of the seventh, and it didn’t matter that the opposition had Yadier Molina behind the plate. I mean, it did — of course it mattered — but Molina’s presence wasn’t going to stop Hamilton from trying to do what he was going to try to do. Everybody understood why Hamilton was in the game. He wasn’t out there to paint.
“He was just another baserunner,” Maness said. “We know he’s fast, but you treat him no different. Get the ball to the plate quick and make the throw. That’s baseball.”
In a sense, Seth Maness is right. Only so much about a baserunner is in a pitcher’s control. All you can do is pay a little attention and get the ball to the catcher as fast as you can. You can do little things to try to knock the runner off his game, like go with a slide-step, or throw over, or vary your times between pitches. But, ultimately, if a runner’s going to go, he’s going to go, and you just have to see how it works out. A pitcher can’t allow a baserunner to occupy too much of his attention, whether that runner be real slow or real fast.
But Billy Hamilton isn’t just another baserunner. If you were to draft a list of players you might consider to be “just another baserunner,” you’d find Billy Hamilton at the very bottom. Billy Hamilton is a baseball player and a top prospect known for his baserunning. That’s the thing that sets him apart. Understand how difficult it is for someone to be set apart on account of his baserunning skill. It’s the least important component of the game, but Hamilton is so good he’s made a name for himself. In preparing for this particular series, Cardinals pitchers studied Hamilton video. They knew he’d be a factor, and they knew he was a potential game-changer. The Cardinals themselves identified Hamilton as more than just another baserunner, and they weren’t incorrect.
And Maness’ behavior ran contrary to his own words. With Hamilton on first, Todd Frazier at the plate, and Yadier Molina behind it, Maness immediately attempted three consecutive pick-offs. Maness knew he’d have to keep Hamilton close. Maness knew Hamilton wasn’t out there to paint.
There was a buzz in the stadium when Hamilton took over for Ludwick at first. Reds fans have been waiting for more than a year to see what Hamilton might be able to do on the basepaths in the bigs. The king of steals in the minor leagues finally had a chance to make a difference in an important divisional game, and every last person knew that Hamilton was going to showcase his one exceptional strength.
Ordinarily, nothing annoys a home crowd quicker than visitor pick-off attempts. The booing begins with the first, growing louder with successive tries and bluffs. As Maness threw over to first to return Hamilton to the bag, the crowd cheered. I have genuinely never heard that before in my life.
“[The pick-offs] really got me going,” Hamilton said. “I felt like when he did that, I had a chance on him. I felt like he was nervous. And if he’s that nervous, I got a chance on him.”
Hamilton had never before appeared in the bigs, and Dusty Baker instructed him to steal second base against Yadier Molina in a September game with playoff implications. Immediately, Seth Maness tried to pick him off three times in a row, before throwing a single pitch to home plate. The idea, for Maness, was to try to keep Hamilton close, to let him know he was being watched. What actually happened was that Maness made Hamilton more comfortable. Right away, Hamilton got himself involved in the game. Right away, Hamilton got to see Maness’ move. Maness is a righty, so Hamilton wasn’t having to deal with a lefty’s pick-off move, and Maness gave Hamilton multiple looks. You don’t achieve Hamilton’s stolen-base numbers if you don’t know how to read a pitcher, and Maness opened himself up. Hamilton got a sense for when to break, which was all he needed. Although, in truth, maybe he didn’t even need that.
The Reds’ odds of winning jumped by 5.5 percentage points. Big, for a stolen base; modest, for an on-field event. The game was still scoreless, and Hamilton was still 180 feet away from changing that. But this was a blend of circumstance and anticipation. The steal was important, for what it was, and the steal was important for what it stood for. Billy Hamilton is the stolen-base king of the minor leagues. He might one day be considered the stolen-base king of the bigs. In his major-league debut, it took him one pitch to steal his first base, against the best catcher of his generation.
Dan McLaughlin: “Yadi guns down to second base — safe.”
Al Hrabosky: “Not one of Yadi’s better throws.”
Dan McLaughlin: “They have a better throw, he’s got him.”
Al Hrabosky: “I think you’re right. You’re right.”
The truth is that Hamilton would’ve been out with a better throw. Probably, I mean, and the Cardinals’ broadcast wasn’t wrong in that regard. Molina’s throw to second sailed wide. What the broadcasters didn’t consider, though, is Hamilton’s effect on the throw in the first place. Molina’s throw wasn’t up to his usual standard, but perhaps that’s because he was rushed, and perhaps that’s because it was Billy Hamilton on the basepaths. And let’s think about what it means to steal on Yadier Molina.
Molina is the active leader in caught-stealing rate. And it isn’t just that Molina throws a lot of runners out — it’s that, because of Molina, a lot of runners simply don’t try. Since Molina became a regular in 2005, the Cardinals have allowed 450 stolen bases. The next-lowest total is 677, belonging to the Reds. Over the past decade, no catcher in baseball has seen a lower rate of attempted steals per nine innings. Over the past decade, no catcher in baseball has seen a lower rate of successful steals per nine innings. It’s understood that you don’t run on Yadier Molina. He just shuts the running game down. His caught-stealing rate might even be artificially low because most of the time, only the best probably try to give it a go. People regard Yadier Molina like they used to regard Ivan Rodriguez, so Hamilton had every reason to be nervous. This went beyond Hamilton just making his debut. This was about Hamilton challenging the best in the business, when the best in the business knew full well what was about to happen.
Molina looked down to second base and smiled as he put his mask back on. Molina’s going to get more chances at this. That much, he can count on.
“That’s my job,” Hamilton said.
Truth is, most stolen-base attempts are successful. Even against Molina, and especially with a righty on the mound. Hamilton scored the game’s only run on Frazier’s subsequent double, and he would’ve been able to score from first. He might’ve been able to score from home. Hamilton didn’t do anything amazing, and he didn’t win the game on his own, as the Reds needed Ludwick’s hit, and Frazier’s hit, and the pitchers’ pitching. Hamilton moved himself from first to second base. People figured he would. His own manager assumed it.
But Billy Hamilton made a difference. This was a top hitting prospect immediately going deep off Clayton Kershaw. This was a top pitching prospect immediately striking out Miguel Cabrera swinging. Billy Hamilton’s a top prospect with a .651 Triple-A OPS. There’s one thing he does that everybody knows, and given his first big-league opportunity, Hamilton wasted zero time in doing his thing against the best baseball has to offer. After three straight pick-off attempts, Hamilton stole second base on his first live pitch, a pitch received by Yadier Molina. Already, we know Billy Hamilton couldn’t be more obvious. And that’s not going to stop Billy Hamilton.
Jeff made Lookout Landing a thing, but he does not still write there about the Mariners. He does write here, sometimes about the Mariners, but usually not.







Even as a Cardinals fan when this happened last night you couldn’t help but think of it as a really, really cool moment.
Part of what I enjoy so much about this website is a piece like this, about these kinds of moments, which are so rare, and so truly enjoyable. Yes, we like Sabermetrics. We love us some scientific method. Don’t even get me started on regressions. Or commas, for that matter. We love baseball, too.
Don’t understand why Hamilton is a difference maker. A .300 woba in Triple A? It doesn’t matter how many bases he can steal if he doesn’t get on base at an above .300 clip, does it? Hamilton has a lot to work out before he can be valuable in the bigs. Surprised Kevin Towers hasn’t tried trading Goldschmidt for him.
Right.
This is exactly what everyone has been saying about Hamilton for two seasons.
But it is almost as if you, and the person that commented after you, didn’t read the article.
It is laid out for you.
Hamilton is a difference maker if for no other reason than he is a beast when on base and last night he showed it.
But that just makes him Tony Campana. And Campana isn’t exactly a major league regular.
http://wapc.mlb.com/play/?content_id=21684045 (sorry for the fact that MLB sticks an ad on the front)
Campana’s highest stolen base total in the minors was 66. Hamilton’s highest was 155. This does not make the 22-year old Billy Hamilton the 27-year old Tony Campana.
“This was a top hitting prospect immediately going deep off Clayton Kershaw. This was a top pitching prospect immediately striking out Miguel Cabrera swinging.”
Isn’t this a bit hyperbolic? Maybe if Hamilton got on base himself then challenged Molina and stole the base, but all he did was prove that he’s a valuable pinch runner as long as you choose the proper time to leverage his one tool.
I just mean in wasting no time to display the thing that makes him so good. Of course, his odds were better than one’s odds of getting a whiff or hitting a dinger.
Sure it’s hyberbolic, but it’s comparing a skill against a skill. The best baserunning prospect against the best catcher against stolen bases in the game. The similarity is there, we just don’t value the stolen base as much as the hit or the strikeout in the game.
Isn’t hyperbole best used when us mortals have nothing else to which they can resort to make it comprehensible? Given their special abilities, this brief showdown is like peeking through a knothole in the fence at a clash between Zeus and Hades. Something extra special is happening, and mundane similes and metaphors fail us.
Dave Roberts always says the same thing about his steal against the Yankees in ’04. He says that if Rivera hadn’t thrown over to first a few times, he would have been much more nervous about stealing and might not have made it. You wonder if examples like this will ever change the behavior of a pitcher on a mound toward a pinch-runner whom everyone assumes will steal.
There’s no counterfactual, though. In both cases, the runners would quite possibly have had just as easy a time in stealing if the pitchers ignored them.
I know that the Nats have been terrible at holding runners the last couple years and their pitchers generally just focus on the batters and rarely throw over. It got so bad last year that Cliff Lee stole second off Stephen Strasburg. That led to Suzuki bring brought in but the fault was mostly due to the pitchers. And there had been an organizational philosophy to focus on the batters rather than the runners.
A number of studies have shown that throwing over works. Unfortunately.
Throw-overs should count as a pitch unless they start a play.
Molina is the best catcher of his generation? I bet Joe Mauer is bummed to hear that.
http://www.fangraphs.com/graphsw.aspx?players=1857,7007,4810
Defensively (implied)
Ah, my bad.
Indeed
Joe Mauer, like everyone else in baseball, would probably just agree.
If Mauer is back there it’s a whole different story. Hamilton would never try to run on a 3 time batting champion.
I wish I had more thumbs to give!
Everyone: “What player is most underrated by WAR?”
Everyone else: “Ridiculously good defensive catchers.”
Actually, I think it’s:
Everyone: “What player is most underrated by WAR?”
Everyone else: “My favorite player.”
Billy Hamilton feels a lot like Jarvis Brown 2.0
How dare you mention football in this sacred space!
Awesome article, Jeff!
Basse-stealing is a small part of the game, provided the defense can get an out 1/3 of the time or so. But if base-stealers do NOT get caught, then defenses totally breaks down. That is the potential that BH represents.
If he does this to Molina, what might he do against the rest of the league?
If defenses broke down, teams long ago would’ve hired professional sprinters and taught them how to run the bases.
See Jackson, Bo.
You mean like this guy? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb_Washington
They do. All of the time. When I was in HS the Astros signed 2 track stars from my area. Both played baseball but only marginally well. The Astros obviously felt that even if they never turned out to be great hitters there is still value in taking a risk on a base burner that potentially can play CF.
Now that was 20 years ago and neither guy did anything above A ball but at least the thought was there.
Even one of the fastest men in the world couldn’t steal bases without getting good jumps and knowing how to run the bases. Washington had the world record in the 60m in the 1970s if memory serves.
Nice article.
Nice ass.
C’mon now, really?
Of the stuff that goes into WAR, anyway.
I’d say that’s probably true, unless you break down fielding by outfielders by arm runs or something like that. It’s important, but less so than hitting, pitching, or fielding.
I thought it was an awesome moment. But if I’d been Molina I would have called for a pitchout and nailed him good.
that’s why you’re Johnston, not Molina
Might be the best piece of writing (analysis excepted) I’ve ever read on fangraphs. Nice.
Hat tip to Dusty for a terrific quote.
The thing about the Dusty quote is, that Tony La Russa probably would have sent him out to paint, but, because he had a paintbucket in his hand, Hamilton would somehow have gotten all the way home and then back to first.
It’s worth noting that the steal increased the chance of winning by 5.5%, but that’s not the whole story. The odds went up a little the second he got on base, because the odds that your base runner scores from first on a double just went way up. Then, when he steals, the fact that you have Hamilton on 2nd (and not, say, Ludwick there on a passed ball) increases your odds of getting the run on a single, or with two tag-ups. The 5.5% is a good starting point, for the normal runner, but Billy’s no normal runner. In all, he probably increased the Reds’ win percentage by closer to 10%. That’s a big deal in a playoff race. Silly to think about this way, but that base running performance basically justified a league-minimum contract.
And that 5.5% probably does not take into account the possibility of him tagging up from 2nd and scoring on a deep fly. It wouldn’t have been the first time.
The question is, will Hamilton ever reach Ellsbury levels in terms of baserunning contributions? Or will his lack of hitting get in the way?
Look at what Rajai Davis can already do in his time.
Hamilton couldn’t quite post an 87 wRC+ in AAA, let alone the bigs.
Hamilton this year in the minors may have had a paltry .308 OBP in AAA, meaning he reached base 167 times.
However he stole a base for nearly every 2 times he reached base, for 75 steals at an 80% success rate.
Any player who can turn every third single into a double is valuable, let alone every second single, I view him as an extreme Rajai Davis type player. Passable but with the right improvement devastating.
I think many are selling Hamilton’s speed short. As a player, he begins with a tool that literally no one in the history of major league baseball may have possessed.
His speed makes even an average fly ball reader with a fairly strong and mostly accurate arm from CF become a truly elite, game-changing defender. He’s Michael Bourn with another two steps– to both RF and LF.
On the basepaths, he’s Vince Coleman with Tim Raines’ SB success rate (83% across all levels of minor league ball). Not only that, he’s incredibly aggressive when not stealing, taking not just one base but more. Anecdotal evidence and game logs show Hamilton scoring from 2B on a pop up to short LCF, scoring multiple times from 2B on groundouts, and tagging up on at least one pop-up to 2B.
What does this mean? Combining his aggressiveness on the basepaths with his range and speed at a defensively vital position means that he starts with a baseline WAR no one else does.
Hamilton has the possibility of a 10-20 BsR with another 10-30 Fld in his hip pocket before he takes a spot in the batter’s box. He could legitimately (in his peak years) run up a 6.0 WAR without OPSing 720 or putting up a wOBA of 300.
He may not OPS 750 in the major leagues.
It may not matter.
“he begins with a tool that literally no one in the history of major league baseball may have possessed”
Vince Coleman?
Hey there!
Coleman didn’t have 80 speed. He was also a notoriously poor baserunner when not stealing. There’s a huge difference there, both in terms of baserunning and with the glove.
Hamilton is almost entirely unique in his skill set. He’s got some similarities to the 70s era artificial turf CFers, Otis Nixon, Brett Butler, and guys like Ben Revere and Michael Bourn from today. But he doesn’t fit any one category so well as to say that’s his “type”.
He’s a cypher.
That in itself makes him a remarkably interesting guy.
A +30 Fld has been accomplished only 25 times in history.
The record for single season BsR is +17.7. A mere +13 has only been achieved 11 times, once by Billy Hamilton.
Do those BsR include base running and not just stolen bases?
Up until 2001 it only included wSB. Ultimate Base Running was added to the mix in 2002.
That means that a lot of the players near the top of the BsR leaderboard have been shortchanged and the expectation for Hamilton might have to be adjusted slightly upward relative to the numbers I quoted earlier.
There is more to fielding a ball than speed. Having watched him play, that ‘elite truly game-changing defender… Michael Bourn with another 2 steps’ is still more hypothetical than real. Judging the ball accurately off the bat and making a decisive reflexive move in the correct direction is probably worth 5 steps of speed. He could get there but it’s by no means a sure thing. That said, when he gets it right he gets to balls that just can’t be physically possible (see also: legend of Billy the Kid ball caught on left field warning track in rookie ball… while he was playing shortstop).
Interesting.
I saw him most of the season (season tickets in Louisville). He already has much better range than Drew Stubbs– and Stubbs was/ is elite in CF. Hamilton’s range is unreal.
His OOZ plays will be astronomical, even if he does occasionally misreads a ball. (Which he still does, admittedly.)
I think we are agreeing for the most part; his range is unworldly, and he is still learning the position and will improve over the next couple years. I also think I slightly mis-read your original post.
I would put him in the lineup right now over Cozart. His original position was SS I believe so it is not like he would be out of his position.
Why do you think he was moved off short?
i gather from all responses that he is not even league average at defense.
Miguel Cabrera was originally a SS too.
And Michael Morse!
Jim Thome played short in high school. And JuCo, I think.
So did Pujols!
Let’s say Hamilton can become a league average hitter – what is a reasonable ceiling for his BsR? Pierre (07) and Bourn (11) are the two highest since ’02 at 13.2. Could Hamilton be 20? 30? Fun to think about.
Ricky Henderson in 1983
108 stolen bases, 127 attempts
248 times on base (subtracting homeruns)
25 of those doubles, 9 triples
So, a little more than one steal attempt every two times on base.
wSB was 14
Because there was no UBR in that era, Henderson doesn’t get credited for his non-SB baserunning. But let’s say that UBR and wSB are somewhat correlated. The highest UBR in history is Juan Pierre’s 9.4 in 2004.
Therefore, peak value is probably ~25, assuming Rickey Henderson/Vince Coleman like levels of baserunning excellence.
I’m unsure how BsR is calculated but both of those guys reach base well above league average so assuming part of generating value on the bases is being on the bases that might be a little optimistic.
The problem with Billy Hamilton is that father time is really working against him if he really wants to make a name for himself at the big league level. Among the five tools a player posses, speed is usually the first to go and it goes fast (forgive the pun)
possesses*
But his other tools should keep improving for a few more years… he’s only 22. I also note Ricky Henderson still got 53 SB at age 35 in 61 attempts.
Funny that the cards commentators whined and made excuses. They do a lot. They’re annoying homers. Every game of the 4 game set that pit swept “is this when the pirates fall apart like they always do?”. The series in Atlanta “I wonder how the Atlanta fans are going to treat Kozma” *no reaction*. Vs the Reds “Vottos low RBI numbers are his weakness”. Cards pitcher pitches like shit for a few starts “the problem is, he isn’t getting run support”. You’d think with such a smart and well ran organization, they’d have smarter commentators.
Oh, and great article. It was poetic how Hamiltons first steal came off Molina.
Guys paid to cast a positive light on their employer actually do so? Oh, the horror! Every team’s “home” announcers are homers. Granted, the Cards crew are idiots, but so are most other baseball announcers.
i’ve lived in a lot of baseball markets (including St. Louis) and have to agree with Antonio here. Though, as an Atlanta fan, he shouldn’t be throwing stones: I recall a series when the Braves announcers repeatedly referred to David Wright as “the Mets’ Jeff Francoeur” — naturally, this was before Jeff Francoeur was the Mets’ Jeff Francoeur
“You’d think with such a smart and well ran organization, they’d have smarter commentators.”
Not a particularly smart thing to think.
I know it’s bad form to recycle nicknames, but can we please start calling him Sliding Billy Hamilton? I mean, the kismet is too much even for Fangraphs to overlook.
Thanks for giving us a nicely drawn sketch of a minor yet highly dramatic act during a tight game between two intersting pennant contenders. As for baserunning, yeah, how it can be so underestimated has always struck me as illogical. A single becomes a double, period. You steal 80 bases that’s eighty doubles. I could see it figured in as slugging component and in fact always have figured it that way, personally. I hope early rumors of Jacoby Ellsburg coming to Seattle bear fruit. Love it when Mariners get Smoak and Morales on base. Dave Simms comments to Mike Blowers (for me, and I go back to pre- Phil Rizzuto, I find “Blow” best of all color commentators I’ve heard), says Simms: “Well we’ve got a couple of semi-trailors on the base paths.” Yes, indeed, and don’t count on either of them making it home on a single!
Baserunning is not underated. It is included in WAR calculations. You can find the baserunning rating for all MLB players right here on Fangraphs.
And, SBs do NOT change singles into doubles, period.
If you are converting SBs into doubles and including that in your Slug% calculations, you’re wrong.
meant for craig richards, not the OP. sorry. One day I will learn whihc “reply” button to hit before posting. LOL
You guys who dismiss Hamilton based on the fancy stats don’t get it: Hamilton’s speed changes everything. Even if you “can’t steal first base”, his presence disrupts the pitcher, the catcher and the defense.
Hamilton may not turn out to be a great regular hitter, but his speed alone will provide enough spark to win games.
“Fancy stats” like he doesn’t get on base?
Yadi’s “smile” there is the kind where he’s saying “yea, you knocked me down and good for you, but now I’m going to eat your children.”
Reminds me of Herb Washington, 33 runs scored in his “career” and ZERO at bats!!
Do you guys remember another player that came into 2007 with the same hype as a speedster…Jacoby Ellsbury? A player with speed, has good plate discipline and a little power can be a game changer. Granted, Billy Hamilton will need a few years to realize his potential, but at least he has the potential.
Mr. Hamilton looks like he just might be a game changer for the Reds.
http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1978085980/seamheadsmart-baseball-shirts-for-smart-baseball-f
Does anyone know his time to first? How does it compare to Trout’s at 3.53?
I don’t know, but I do know he clocked a inside the park HR at 13.9 which is suitably ridiculous.
I see one scout reference clocking him at 3.4.
http://sports.yahoo.com/news/reds-farmhand-billy-hamilton-might-be-the-fastest-player-ever–has-104-stolen-bases-this-year.html
I have to admit that I am not as up on the rules as when I played, but does somebody care to explain to me how that final pickoff attempt is not a balk? He never stepped back off the rubber.
I would’ve given my eye teeth to see James ‘Cool Papa’ Bell play ball. I wonder if Billy Hamilton can turn off the lights and be in bed before it gets dark? 🙂 Great story and great article, Jeff.