As Gunnar Henderson stepped to the plate in the bottom of the ninth inning of Game 2 of the AL Wild Card Series on Wednesday night, his team down by a run and one out from elimination, it felt like something special was brewing. Late-inning tension, high stakes, one of the sport’s biggest stars: The postseason was peaking, and the young superstar held the Orioles’ fate in his hands, poised to deliver a signature moment. Unfortunately, he had to deal with Lucas Erceg’s changeup.

Lucas Erceg, Filthy 91mph Changeup. ?

Royals Advance. ? pic.twitter.com/kWKQQy0gzZ

— Rob Friedman (@PitchingNinja) October 2, 2024

I’ve followed Erceg all year, first from afar, mystified by the flamethrower that materialized out of nowhere in the Oakland bullpen, and then with a closer eye when he moved to Kansas City, watching him slip seamlessly into the fireman role in the Royals bullpen. His eye-popping fastball velocity caught my attention, but it’s the changeup stealing the show on the bright October stage.

As the table shows, Erceg’s velocity sits at the top of the scale. His four-seam fastball averages 99 mph. Again, he sits at 99 mph. But the results on it were just so-so: It graded out at 0.1 runs per 100 pitches by Baseball Savant’s run value calculations, neither helping nor really hurting him.

I think the pitch’s performance can be explained by its exceedingly “normal” shape. (Shout out to Leo Morgenstern.) Erceg throws his fastball from a 43-degree arm angle, which is smack dab in the tall part of the histogram among major league pitchers. From that bog-standard arm angle, his fastball gets roughly league-average induced vertical break.

Max Bay’s “dynamic dead zone” application projects how batters might perceive Erceg’s fastball relative to arm angle expectations. While the pitch drifts further to his arm-side than batters might initially expect, the vertical expectations are basically identical. The conventional shape of his four-seam fastball knocks it down a peg from a “stuff” perspective, taking it from plus-plus to maybe just plus.

But a high-velocity fastball doesn’t exist in a vacuum — it exists in the context of all in which it lives and what came before it. In other words, it impacts all of the other pitches in an arsenal. As Erceg rears back to throw, hitters have to keep that 99 mph in mind. And that expectation will certainly help a changeup play up.

The velocity separation between his four-seam fastball and changeup is solid — Erceg’s changeup averages 91 mph — but the horizontal movement of the pitch is its most distinct quality. It averaged 17.9 inches of horizontal movement this season; of the 165 pitchers who threw at least 150 changeups in the regular season, only three averaged more horizontal movement, putting Erceg in the 98th percentile.

Some of that arm-side fade is seam-shifted-wake effects; some of it is connected to Erceg’s motor preferences. (Mario Delgado Genzor wrote a great primer on motor preferences for Baseball Prospectus in January.) Erceg, as far as I can tell, is a pronator, which means that his natural throwing motion is conductive to changeups that run and fade to the arm side. Watch how he whips his forearm toward his body in the slow-motion part of this video:

Lucas Erceg, Wicked 91mph Changeup. 🤢

19 inches of run. pic.twitter.com/pUOkcCQ91Z

— Rob Friedman (@PitchingNinja) October 1, 2024

In these playoffs, at least, it’s been not just the movement that’s exceptional, but his pinpoint command of the pitch. On that 1-2 changeup to strike out Henderson, he buried it in that perfect location right below the knees, where it looks like a low fastball right up until the point that it isn’t.

What makes one changeup better than another is generally one of the more difficult questions to answer in pitching analysis. Royals ace Cole Ragans, for example, had one of the best changeups in baseball this season. Its effectiveness can’t really be explained by its shape — it doesn’t have much depth or movement differential from the fastball. But hitters, time and again, swing through the pitch, deceived by Ragans’ arm action or the way the trajectory mirrors his fastball or some other variable that is impossible to measure. Unlike a fastball, a changeup cannot be easily graded by a stuff model because it depends on how it plays against the expectations of the fastball.

What makes Erceg’s changeup good, however, seems pretty obvious to me. It goes fast and it moves a ton, almost like a lefty slider.

The changeup helps Erceg stand above other relievers with more limited arsenals. Against righties, he is mostly a sinker-slider guy, throwing his two-seamer in on the hands and then dropping his slider below the knees for whiffs. But against lefties, he relies on his four-seamer and changeup, neutralizing lethal lefties like Henderson. The results bear this out — Erceg faced roughly an equal amount of righties and lefties this season and held them both in check (.242 wOBA against righties, .279 wOBA against lefties).

There is a flip side to extreme pronation: It is hard to throw big, sweepy glove-side breaking balls. And yet Erceg’s slider has actually graded out as his best pitch by run value and whiff rate this season. As Erceg’s pitch movement plot shows, befitting his pronation bias, the slider doesn’t actually get any glove-side movement, coming awfully close to achieving a true “deathball” shape. Note the yellow dots representing the sliders he threw this season:

Even without glove-side movement, that shape can still be super effective. When Kumar Rocker made his debut, some analysts were throwing 80 grades on his “deathball” slider. Erceg’s slider is shaped just like Rocker’s, but Erceg throws his a couple miles an hour harder.

Erceg’s top-end velocity, platoon-neutral arsenal, and rapidly improving command (a 14.3% walk rate in 2023, an 11.9% walk rate when Michael Baumann wrote about him in May, and a 4.4% walk rate since that post) suggest to me that he could make a transition to starting pitching. Even if he drops two or even three miles per hour while stretching out to six-inning appearances, the fastball velocity will still be well above average. And if the Royals do decide to go that route, they could accrue significant benefits without risking too much. According to Roster Resource, they have him under team control through the rest of the 2020s, giving them plenty of opportunity to reverse course if it doesn’t work out.

Lucas Erceg, quality major league starter — it’d be quite an ending to a remarkable story. He was drafted by the Brewers as a third baseman in 2016, but after struggling to hit in the high minors before and after the pandemic, Erceg made the switch to pitching. Just 18 months ago, our lead prospect analyst Eric Longenhagen wrote that “his mechanical inconsistency impacts his fastball location,” but noted that Erceg had a “chance to make a consistent big league impact if things click for him command-wise.” He is still so new to this, and so it is easy to imagine what could be.

But all of that is for the future. Right here, right now, in the heart of the playoffs, Erceg is the primary weapon out of a surprisingly solid Kansas City bullpen. And it’s the changeup, in my view, that is setting him apart.

One of the fun things about the new Wild Card format is that after the first day, every game is an elimination game. On Wednesday, all four games could have ended with one team heading home and one team punching its ticket for the next round. Three of them ended that way, and the one game left on the docket Thursday will end that way too, after the Brewers beat the Mets to even the National League Wild Card Series at one game apiece.

That kind of pressure is nothing new for the Mets, who spent pretty much the entire season dancing on a knife’s edge, but it’s certainly an unfamiliar feeling for the Brewers, whose playoff odds hadn’t dropped below 75% since May or below 90% since early August. “I’m going to be honest with you: It’s hard to be tired when you’re playing playoff baseball,” New York third baseman Mark Vientos said following Tuesday’s Game 1 win. “I had a bunch of energy. I know all of us did.” The Mets certainly didn’t come out flat on Wednesday night, but they did come out horizontal.

I’ll explain what I mean by that in a moment, but I shouldn’t bury the lede any longer: This was the Jackson Chourio Game. Or at least it was the first Jackson Chourio Game; we could be in for a lot more Jackson Chourio Games over the next decade or two. The 20-year-old, who entered the season as the no. 5 prospect in baseball, has already emerged as one of the game’s best young talents, and now he’s made it clear that he’s absolutely nails in the playoffs. In Wednesday’s NL Wild Card Series Game 2 (Jackson Chourio Game 1), the Brewers left fielder ripped two game-tying home runs in a 5-3 Milwaukee win. Read the rest of this entry »

BALTIMORE — You don’t achieve superstar status in baseball on speed alone. Evidence of Bobby Witt Jr.’s speed is all over his 10.4-WAR season — 31 stolen bases, 45 doubles, 11 triples — but that’s not why he’s a 10-win player. He’s a 10-win player because he posted a 168 wRC+ while playing elite defense at a premium position.

“That’s what makes him so unique is because he’s got the power,” Royals manager Matt Quatraro said after the game. “He’s got the bat to ball skills, but he’s also got the speed that he gets infield hits, he can do a lot of different things. He is literally the total package when it comes to physical ability on the field.”

It was that speed that made the difference in Kansas City’s 2-1 win over the Orioles on Wednesday night. The second tense, low-scoring game in as many days extended Baltimore’s postseason losing streak to 10 games over 11 years. The Royals, now bound for the Division Series, have won nine of their past 10 postseason series, dating back 40 seasons. Read the rest of this entry »

The Detroit Tigers continue to ride their wave of jubilation into October.

The most surprising playoff team beat the Houston Astros 5–2 in Game 2 of the best-of-three Wild Card round on Wednesday to advance to the American League Division Series. Manager A.J. Hinch successfully navigated a bullpen game that included only two turbulent innings. Tyler Holton, who threw just two pitches in Detroit’s Game 1 victory, acted as a left-handed opener to ensure the hard-hitting heart of Houston’s order (Kyle Tucker and Yordan Alvarez) would be forced to take an at-bat against a lefty.

After a clean first from Holton, sinkerballer Brenan Hanifee entered the game and narrowly escaped a scoreless second inning that featured two heart-stopping foul balls off the bat of Jason Heyward, either of which would’ve been a one- or two-run double with two outs. Hanifee gave the Tigers five outs, wrapping up his day against Jose Altuve before another lefty, this time Brant Hurter, entered to face Tucker and Alvarez. Hinch’s shrewd matchups and the Tigers’ pitching staff held Tucker hitless in the series.

Every bullpen game comes with a sort of Russian Roulette-ish risk that any one of the pitchers might have a bad day and cough up the game on their own. Hurter, who had a microscopic 3% walk rate in his 45 big league innings this year, looked for a minute like he might be that guy. He surrendered four baserunners and four hard-hit balls across 1 2/3 innings, exiting when Houston’s lineup turned over to Altuve with one out and two runners on in the bottom of the fifth.

At that moment, Hinch called on high-leverage reliever Beau Brieske, who closed Tuesday’s Game 1, to face Altuve and the heavy-hitting part of the Astros order. After getting both Altuve and Tucker out to escape extreme danger in the fifth, Brieske became the pitcher of record in the next half inning when Parker Meadows broke the scoreless tie with a solo home run off of Hunter Brown, who had been dealing to that point. Brown’s pitch to Meadows wasn’t bad; it was so far inside that most hitters would’ve at best been jammed by it, but somehow Meadows tucked his hands in, steered it fair, and doinked it off the right field foul pole.

Parker Meadows doinks one off the foul pole!@Tigers lead! #Postseason pic.twitter.com/JQh3XumoZa

— MLB (@MLB) October 2, 2024

This was the lone blemish in an otherwise stellar day for Brown, who allowed just four baserunners and struck out nine across 5 2/3 innings. Brieske, who as a former soft-tossing starter turned fire-breathing reliever looks like he might be a Liam Hendriks sequel of sorts, navigated the rest of the top half of Houston’s order in the bottom of the sixth.

Then for a couple innings all hell broke loose. Hinch called upon 22-year-old Jackson Jobe, one of baseball’s best pitching prospects, to work the bottom of the seventh. Jobe, who entered the game with four innings of Major League experience, nearly had a nuclear meltdown as he plunked Victor Caratini, narrowly avoided a pitch clock violation, couldn’t hear the PitchCom through the Houstonian crowd noise, and allowed consecutive singles to Jeremy Peña and Mauricio Dubón to load the bases. Astros manager Joe Espada then pulled his bench’s power-hitting lever by pinch hitting Jon Singleton for Chas McCormick with the bags full and nobody out. After Singleton took a very healthy rip at an early-count pitch, which he fouled back, he hit a well-struck grounder to a diving Spencer Torkelson whose on-target, one-hop throw to the plate was bobbled by the usually sure-handed catcher Jake Rogers.

SINGLETON TIES IT UP WITH A RBI SINGLE! 0 OUTS, BASES LOADED FOR THE ASTROS IN THE BOTTOM OF THE 7TH!

pic.twitter.com/2cxQAzuFGO

— TheSportsChronicle (@ATSportssss) October 2, 2024

Not only had the Astros scored, but the Tigers had failed to notch an out, and suddenly the top of Houston’s order was due to hit with the bases still juiced. Altuve hit a fairly shallow fly ball into foul territory along the right field line, where Matt Vierling caught it. The right fielder seemed surprised that Peña made an aggressive attempt to score, and his rather lackadaisical throw home was barely too late to snare Peña. Houston took a 2–1 lead.

The @Astros take the lead in the 7th! #Postseason pic.twitter.com/NpQepFzbKO

— MLB (@MLB) October 2, 2024

With the Tigers seemingly flailing and Tucker and Alvarez due up, Hinch removed Jobe (who seemed miffed at Vierling’s effort on the prior play as he left the field) in favor of sinker/slider lefty Sean Guenther, who got Tucker to ground into an inning-ending double play to keep the Tigers within single-swing striking distance.

To say the Tigers responded to the lead change in the eighth would be an understatement. Houston bullpen fixture Ryan Pressly came in to relieve Bryan Abreu, who bussed Brown’s table in the sixth and worked an easy seventh. Pressly quickly surrendered two singles, threw a wild pitch that allowed the tying run to score, and then walked Colt Keith. Espada then pulled the ripcord on Pressly and inserted closer Josh Hader. Hader walked Torkelson to load the bases and then Andy Ibáñez — pinch-hitting for Zach McKinstry — cleared them with a three-run double hooked into the left field corner.

Andy Ibanez CLEARS THE BASES

Astros 6 outs away from elimination ?

(via @MLB) pic.twitter.com/c3fZ95Jx5R

— Yahoo Sports (@YahooSports) October 2, 2024

The Tigers were back on top, 5–2, and they didn’t look back. Guenther worked the eighth and Will Vest, who ripped the sleeves off the bottom of Houston’s lineup across 1 2/3 dominant innings in Game 1, shut the door in the ninth to send the Tigers to the ALDS.

This postseason series win is the Tigers’ first since 2013, when the team was managed by Hall of Famer Jim Leyland and a carton of cigarettes. They have two off days before Saturday’s Game 1 tilt with the division rival Guardians in Cleveland. Right-hander Tanner Bibee, who has a 4.50 ERA and a 1.04 WHIP across 22 innings in his four starts against the Tigers this year, will start for the Guardians. Reese Olson, who was rostered for the Wild Card series but did not pitch, is the presumptive Game 1 starter for Detroit.

Houston’s season ends earlier than it has in any year since 2016, the last time the team failed to make the playoffs. The Astros had advanced to the ALCS in each of the past seven seasons, a borderline dynastic stretch for the franchise. Through that perspective, getting knocked out by the Tigers in the Wild Card Series is a major disappointment. However, at a certain point earlier this year, it would have been considered a miracle for this team to make the postseason at all. The Astros got here despite a glacial start to their season and several key injuries to their pitching staff. Those injuries may impact next year, too, as the timing of Cristian Javier’s and Luis Garcia’s Tommy John surgeries have them on pace for a mid- to late-season return rather than in early 2025.

Additionally, third baseman Alex Bregman, who was Houston’s best player in these two playoff games, hits free agency this offseason. With several highly paid Astros coming off the books (most notably Justin Verlander who didn’t pitch enough for his $40 million option to vest), the team has room to sign Bregman. That said, Tucker and Framber Valdez are both entering their third year of arbitration, and their futures with the club might be impacted by what happens with Bregman. Whatever happens, the Astros may not look the same for too much longer.

In your most prim and proper ballet teacher voice, repeat after me, “Demi-plié and stretch. Demi-plié and stretch.” The demi-plié is the first foundational move taught to new ballerinas. Its name translates from French to “small bend.” When pitching from the windup, Michael King comes set, gently bends at the knees, then stands tall for a moment before delivering the pitch. Setting aside his lack of turnout and hinge at the hip, King went about his business on Tuesday with the precision and artistry of a dancer.

Ballerinas value efficiency of movement above all else, and King needed just 89 pitches to complete seven shutout innings, while allowing just five hits, walking absolutely no one, and striking out 12. His performance earned a standing ovation from the Petco Park crowd, which went home happy after the Padres orchestrated a 4-0 win over the Braves in Game 1 of the best-of-three NL Wild Card series.

King stole the show with a well-choreographed approach that has served him well all year, and he executed every step at a high level. And lest we forget, this is King’s first season in a full-time starting role, his first year strategically piecing together his complement of pitches into the rhythm and flow of a start. Knowing that his goals now include facing batters of both handedness multiple times and throwing six or more innings each time out, King has evolved the three-pitch arsenal he debuted with to a five-pitch ensemble that he deploys with specific intent. Read the rest of this entry »

BALTIMORE — It’s been a long road back to the postseason for the Kansas City Royals, but they’ve picked up right where they left off in 2015. Technically speaking, the Royals haven’t lost a postseason game in nine years.

But as much as that championship team was an egalitarian enterprise, a team effort by a group of good players, it didn’t really have star power. Not so the next generation. The heroes of the Royals’ 1-0 win over the Orioles in Baltimore were exactly who you’d expect: The best pitcher and position player, respectively, in a series that has plenty of both.

Cole Ragans threw six dominant scoreless innings before being lifted with cramping in his left calf. Because of his efforts, an RBI single by Bobby Witt Jr. was all the run support he needed. Read the rest of this entry »

Read the rest of this entry »

With the 2022 change to a 12-team playoff format, the addition of the Wild Card Series, and the decision to do away with winner-take-all tiebreaker games, Major League Baseball thought it had stuck a fork in Team Entropy and done away with end-of-season scheduling chaos. But with the league’s failure to approach last week’s scheduled Braves-Mets series in Atlanta with the necessary level of proactivity in the face of Hurricane Helene, the two teams were forced to play a doubleheader on Monday to determine the final two NL Wild Card berths. While the Braves squandered leads of 3-0 and 7-6 in the late innings of the opener, the teams ultimately split the doubleheader; both finished 89-73 and made the cut, while the Diamondbacks, who played their final game as scheduled on Sunday, missed it because they lost their season series against the pair. The Braves had to fly cross-country on Monday night in order to make their date with Padres (93-69) in San Diego.

It’s a banged-up Braves team at that. Not only are they missing Ronald Acuña Jr., Austin Riley, and Spencer Strider due to season-ending injuries, but they’re now without Chris Sale. The 35-year-old lefty may well collect the Cy Young award that has long eluded him, but he hasn’t pitched since September 19. Much was made of the Braves’ plan to start him just once in the final week instead of twice, and just when the baseball world expected him to start the must-win second game of Monday’s doubleheader, he was ruled out due to back spasms. Manager Brian Snitker said after the win that he doesn’t expect Sale to pitch in the Wild Card Series, and added that this is something the pitcher has dealt with on and off this season. President of baseball operations Alex Anthopoulos told reporters prior to Sale’s scratched start that he would not be going on the injured list. [Update: Sale was left off the roster submitted to the league on Tuesday morning.]

As for the Padres, after a disappointing 2023 season in which they won just 82 games and squandered a franchise-record $255 million payroll and a full season of Juan Soto, they’re back in the postseason for the third time in five seasons. It took awhile for the Padres to hit their stride; they were just 50-49 at the All-Star break but went a major league-best 43-20 (.683) thereafter. Not only did they secure the top NL Wild Card spot (and thus home field advantage here) but they even put a scare into the Dodgers before the latter won the NL West. Read the rest of this entry »

Welcome to a bonus edition of Five Things I Liked (And Just Liked, This Doubleheader Was Glorious So Let’s Not Be Negative). This column usually runs on Fridays, and it’s supposed to be about a week’s worth of games played by every team in the majors. But uh, did you all see yesterday’s spectacle? The Mets and Braves played two to determine the NL playoff field, and all hell broke loose. We had wild bounces and hitters learning new skills in real time. We had lead changes and two-out rallies. We had Cy Young winners getting late scratches and relievers putting their team on their backs to protect the rest of the staff. The most dramatic day of baseball this year just happened, so let’s dive right into a rapid-fire edition of Five Things.

1. Tyrone Taylor’s Cueball

They say that you can throw the rules out the window when it gets down to sudden death. I’m not sure they meant the laws of physics, though. Two hundred years ago, this ball would have been accused of witchcraft:

Give Tyrone Taylor a lot of credit for sprinting out of the box on a baseball he hit pretty far foul. Give Spencer Schwellenbach credit for making this close at all. Most pitchers would have given up on that ball right away. Schwellenbach hustled over to it, grabbed it an instant after it rolled fair, and then made a nice scoop throw to Matt Olson at first, where Taylor ended up beating the throw by a slender margin:

Read the rest of this entry »

The Detroit Tigers have been baseball’s hottest team, rattling off 31 wins in 43 games to go from eight games under .500 to 11 games over and into the postseason for the first time in a decade. That they’ve done so is nothing short of remarkable. Not only were most outside expectations relatively low coming into the campaign, the A.J. Hinch-led team has dominated September with a starting staff largely comprising of Tarik Skubal, unheralded rookie Keider Montero, and an array of openers. On the season, Detroit Tigers starters have thrown 748-and-a-third innings, the fewest in the majors (notably with a 3.66 ERA, fourth best in the majors).

There is obviously more to why the Tigers have emerged as a surprise team — not to mention a legitimate postseason contender — than the presence of an ace left-hander and Hinch’s expertise in mixing and matching starters and relievers. That is a deeper dive than fits here in Sunday Notes, but I did ask the “Why are the Tigers good?” question to three people who saw them sweep a series just this past week. I asked a second question as well: “What was the atmosphere like at Comerica Park?”

“From an atmosphere standpoint it was one of the best we’ve seen this year,” said Tampa Bay Rays broadcaster Andy Freed. “What impressed me most is that our first game there was supposed to be a night game, and because of rain coming in it was moved to the day. We thought, ‘What are they going to get, 5,000 people?’ It was a Tuesday and school was in session, but they got a great crowd. People decided they were still going to come to the baseball game. It reminded me how great of a sports town Detroit is. And they were into every pitch. It was the closest I’ve felt to a postseason atmosphere all year, except for maybe Philadelphia. Read the rest of this entry »