FanGraphs Power Rankings: September 11–17

The Wild Card races in both leagues continue to be filled with drama as none of the teams vying for those playoff spots have created any daylight in the standings.

A quick aside before we get into the rankings themselves: there has been some discussion about the efficacy and value of these rankings, particularly the team quality metric I’m calculating. I won’t argue that it’s a perfect encapsulation of any given team’s relative strength or the right way to rank teams on a weekly basis, but I did want to share some historical data from last season. In 2022, team quality had a 97% correlation to a team’s final win percentage. In addition, team quality at the All-Star break had a 95% correlation to a team’s final record. The relationship hasn’t been as strong this season with team quality at the All-Star break having a 82% correlation to a team’s current record. It’s possible teams like the Orioles and Padres who are historically over- or under-performing their underlying stats are skewing the relationship and that’s a possible area of research this offseason. Anyway, I’m comfortable with the established relationship between team quality and actual wins to continue using it as a way to compare team strengths.

A reminder for how these rankings are calculated: first, we take the three most important components of a team — their offense (wRC+), their pitching (a 50/50 blend of FIP- and RA9-, weighted by starter and reliever IP share), and their defense (RAA) — and combine them to create an overall team quality metric. I also add in a factor for “luck,” adjusting a team’s win percentage based on expected win-loss record. The result is a power ranking, which is then presented in tiers below.

Tier 1 – The Best of the Best
Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Braves 96-53 2 125 93 91 -7 156 100.0%
Rays 92-59 -3 117 89 93 6 164 100.0%

With the NL East and a first-round bye into the playoffs locked up, the Braves are simply hoping to get to October with a healthy roster that hasn’t lost its edge. That’s why it’s important to not get too worked up about any extreme swings in results over these last few weeks of the season. Case in point: Atlanta took three of four from the Phillies in a potential NLDS preview early last week before allowing 36 runs across three games in a sweep by the Marlins over the weekend.

The Rays had an opportunity to take over the AL East lead after taking the first two games of their big weekend series against the Orioles. The two best teams in the AL ended up splitting that four game-series and head into this week locked into the same position, with Tampa Bay sitting two games behind Baltimore. One of the biggest reasons why the Rays have been able to keep pace in the division is a much improved bullpen locking down games behind a suddenly stable starting rotation.

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Tier 2 – On the Cusp of Greatness
Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Dodgers 91-57 0 117 102 88 2 142 100.0%
Rangers 82-67 -6 115 92 109 15 154 71.6%
Blue Jays 83-67 2 107 91 87 7 159 78.8%
Mariners 81-68 -3 107 91 92 13 153 52.6%

It was a rollercoaster week for the three teams battling for the final two AL Wild Card berths. The Rangers trounced the Blue Jays in Toronto in a four-game sweep before getting swept by the Guardians over the weekend; the Mariners won two of three from the Angels but fell out of playoff position after getting swept by the Dodgers; and Toronto bounced back with a weekend sweep of their own against the Red Sox.

The Rangers and Mariners seem destined to duke it out for an AL Wild Card spot; they’ll play each other seven times over the last two weeks of the season. To make matters even more dramatic, those two teams are still just 1.5 and 2.5 games behind the Astros for the AL West division lead, too. Texas will have to overcome the loss of Max Scherzer, who was placed on the IL with a strained teres major muscle. Meanwhile, Julio Rodríguez is continuing to set records in Seattle as he attempts to drag the M’s out of their September funk.

The Blue Jays currently hold the second Wild Card spot. They’re being led not by any of their young superstars, but by Davis Schneider of all players. Vladimir Guerrero Jr. did show some signs of life last week, blasting home runs in three consecutive games; he now has a 146 wRC+ in September, his best performance in a single month since April. It’s a flawed metric of success, but Toronto is 38–43 against teams with records over .500. And with six games each left against the Yankees and the Rays, the path to the postseason won’t be easy.

Tier 3 – Solid Contenders
Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Astros 84-66 -3 112 102 96 6 131 96.7%
Orioles 93-56 7 106 98 84 -10 117 100.0%
Brewers 84-65 4 91 93 88 28 121 100.0%
Cubs 78-72 -5 104 97 92 15 138 47.1%
Twins 79-71 -5 107 87 97 -5 133 99.9%
Phillies 81-68 -1 106 92 91 -5 126 98.4%

The Brewers have gone 7–3 over their last 10 games and, thanks to that and the Cubs’ recent slide, have built a commanding 6.5-game lead in the NL Central. Their pitching staff has been completely dominant down the stretch; they haven’t allowed more than five runs in a single game this month and are third in overall run prevention. Brandon Woodruff hasn’t missed a beat since returning from his shoulder injury, and Milwaukee’s bullpen has rounded into form after entering the season without a solidified bridge to Devin Williams in the ninth inning.

The Cubs have had a rough go of it over their last 10 games, losing to the Diamondbacks six times during that stretch and dropping a series in Colorado to boot. All of a sudden, they’re tied with the Marlins for the final Wild Card spot and are only a half-game ahead of the Reds. Despite a late-season resurgence from Seiya Suzuki, their offense has dried up during this stretch; they’ve scored just 3.3 runs per game over their last 10. They’ve got two easier matchups this week in the Pirates and Rockies before ending the season with series against the Braves and Brewers.

Tier 4 – The Melee
Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Diamondbacks 79-72 6 98 102 103 23 105 56.3%
Giants 76-74 2 95 98 95 12 111 12.8%
Yankees 76-74 2 94 104 85 3 97 0.4%
Marlins 78-72 7 93 96 100 -20 74 54.5%

The Diamondbacks, Marlins, Reds, and Giants certainly won’t make it easy for the Cubs. Arizona’s offense has been solid, if a bit inconsistent, but it really seems like the team will go as far as Zac Gallen and the pitching staff are able to carry it. Gallen, though, followed up his three-hit shutout of the Cubs with a seven-run clunker against the Mets last week. The D-Backs hold the half-game advantage over the rest of the field but have series against the Giants, Yankees, and Astros still on the docket.

The Marlins demolished the Braves over the weekend, scoring 36 runs off the NL East champion in a three-game sweep. That’s certainly given them a boost after losing Sandy Alcantara to a season-ending forearm injury. Thankfully, they activated Jorge Soler off the IL on Sunday after a brief stint on the shelf, and Luis Arraez has shown some signs of breaking out of his second-half swoon; he blasted four home runs last week, including two on Friday.

Tier 5 – Spoiler Alert
Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Padres 72-78 -11 107 93 98 21 150 0.2%
Guardians 72-78 -1 91 95 94 14 101 0.1%
Mets 69-80 -4 102 101 111 -5 77 0.0%
Reds 78-73 6 95 109 93 -22 64 30.8%
Red Sox 74-76 -2 102 104 98 -40 69 0.0%
Cardinals 66-83 -1 106 111 104 -4 85 0.0%
Pirates 70-80 4 88 104 97 5 72 0.0%

The quiet dance between the Mets and David Stearns was finally formalized last week as they hired him to run their organization as president of baseball operations. It’s a big first step toward rebuilding the team into a perennial contender in a way that simply throwing Steve Cohen’s money at free agents wouldn’t necessarily be able to solve. Before Stearns is able to take over and start implementing his system, the Mets will wrap up this season with 13 games with meaningful playoff picture implications — not for them, but they can spoil things for the Marlins and Phillies if they choose.

The Mets weren’t the only team to make a significant change atop their organization last week. The Red Sox fired Chaim Bloom on Thursday, marking an end to his disappointing run as the head of their baseball ops. On August 24, they were eight games over .500 and 3.5 games back in the AL Wild Card race; they’ve gone 6–16 since then and have fallen behind the Yankees into last place in the AL East.

Tier 6 – Hope Deferred
Team Record wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds
Angels 68-82 1 102 106 111 -9 66 0.0%
Tigers 70-79 6 87 100 99 -4 61 0.0%
Nationals 66-84 4 92 113 114 4 55 0.0%
Royals 48-102 -9 86 113 113 17 48 0.0%
Rockies 56-93 0 77 118 105 -3 33 0.0%
White Sox 57-93 -1 84 111 109 -16 19 0.0%
Athletics 46-103 1 90 132 122 -15 20 0.0%

Lost amid all the drama surrounding the playoff chase, the Rockies completed a bit of housekeeping work, signing Germán Márquez to a two-year extension. Márquez is sidelined until mid-2024 after undergoing Tommy John surgery earlier this year, but it’s a low-risk move with some upside — a foreign concept in Colorado. On the field, they played their role as spoiler well last week, winning five games at home against the Cubs and Giants. They’ve got another crack at Chicago on the road this week before ending the season at home with seven games against the Dodgers and Twins.

Complete Power Rankings
Rank Team Record “Luck” wRC+ SP- RP- RAA Team Quality Playoff Odds Δ
1 Braves 96-53 2 125 93 91 -7 156 100.0% 0
2 Rays 92-59 -3 117 89 93 6 164 100.0% 0
3 Dodgers 91-57 0 117 102 88 2 142 100.0% 0
4 Rangers 82-67 -6 115 92 109 15 154 71.6% 2
5 Blue Jays 83-67 2 107 91 87 7 159 78.8% -1
6 Mariners 81-68 -3 107 91 92 13 153 52.6% -1
7 Astros 84-66 -3 112 102 96 6 131 96.7% 1
8 Orioles 93-56 7 106 98 84 -10 117 100.0% -1
9 Brewers 84-65 4 91 93 88 28 121 100.0% 3
10 Cubs 78-72 -5 104 97 92 15 138 47.1% 0
11 Twins 79-71 -5 107 87 97 -5 133 99.9% 0
12 Phillies 81-68 -1 106 92 91 -5 126 98.4% -3
13 Diamondbacks 79-72 6 98 102 103 23 105 56.3% 0
14 Giants 76-74 2 95 98 95 12 111 12.8% 0
15 Yankees 76-74 2 94 104 85 3 97 0.4% 0
16 Marlins 78-72 7 93 96 100 -20 74 54.5% 3
17 Padres 72-78 -11 107 93 98 21 150 0.2% 1
18 Guardians 72-78 -1 91 95 94 14 101 0.1% -1
19 Mets 69-80 -4 102 101 111 -5 77 0.0% 3
20 Reds 78-73 6 95 109 93 -22 64 30.8% 1
21 Red Sox 74-76 -2 102 104 98 -40 69 0.0% -5
22 Cardinals 66-83 -1 106 111 104 -4 85 0.0% 1
23 Pirates 70-80 4 88 104 97 5 72 0.0% 1
24 Angels 68-82 1 102 106 111 -9 66 0.0% -4
25 Tigers 70-79 6 87 100 99 -4 61 0.0% 0
26 Nationals 66-84 4 92 113 114 4 55 0.0% 0
27 Royals 48-102 -9 86 113 113 17 48 0.0% 0
28 Rockies 56-93 0 77 118 105 -3 33 0.0% 0
29 White Sox 57-93 -1 84 111 109 -16 19 0.0% 0
30 Athletics 46-103 1 90 132 122 -15 20 0.0% 0





Jake Mailhot is a contributor to FanGraphs. A long-suffering Mariners fan, he also writes about them for Lookout Landing. Follow him on BlueSky @jakemailhot.

39 Comments
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Jacob SnyderMember since 2021
2 years ago

The Orioles may enter the playoffs with the best record in the AL and the worst “team quality” among AL playoff teams

R JMember since 2022
2 years ago

The Blue Jays currently hold the third spot outright.

No, they’re in the 2nd spot right now.

baltfanMember since 2025
2 years ago

Sure the Orioles struggled against the Cardinals, but after losing two straight they annihilate Glasnow and then score two runs off arguably the best healthy closer in baseball. Toronto, meanwhile, lost 4 straight to the Rangers. Oh, if we are going to look at run differential, the Orioles finished +2 for the series. Does that not matter now? I am actually fine with putting the Rays over them. Rays have been awesome. But putting these other non-Atlanta/Dodgers teams over them makes no sense.

felangMember since 2026
2 years ago
Reply to  baltfan

Can go higher when the metrics go up.

baltfanMember since 2025
2 years ago
Reply to  felang

That fails to recognize that a lot of these teams aren’t the same as what they were when they accumulated their stats. Moreover, at what point do you look at Toronto and their 38-43 record vs teams over .500, and say maybe they just aren’t that good. The Orioles are 50-37 against those teams. The Orioles are also 10-0-3 vs. the AL East since April 9th.

bookbookMember since 2024
2 years ago
Reply to  baltfan

So much of actual results is random/luck. No, Toronto probably isn’t a worse team because they’re under .500 against teams with winning records this year. (The Orioles are at the beginning of a super promising window with an amazing amount of emerging talent. Orioles fans are going to be having a lot of fun!)

baltfanMember since 2025
2 years ago
Reply to  felang

Also, what is this a power ranking of? Is this a power ranking of the ability of a team to go far in the postseason? Is it a power ranking of who should have the best record in baseball? I am not some Orioles homer that doesn’t recognize some of the luck associated with the team, but a lot of that luck was in the past. Their run differential with a different set of personnel and ones that have improved, is much better since the All-Star break and their record is one of the top records in baseball since then. Is everything just cumulative, or do you try to look at trends?

markakis21
2 years ago
Reply to  baltfan

It makes sense when you realize that this ranking does not consider injuries at all. Orioles are pretty healthy, only missing Bautista. Dodgers, Rays, etc have gotten contributions from players who are no longer here and will not impact the rest of the season.

It’s really stupid that they don’t correct for that, yes, but it’s the explanation.

Joelskil
2 years ago
Reply to  markakis21

Bautista, Means, Mountcastle, Mullins, Tate

markakis21
2 years ago
Reply to  Joelskil

All of those guys are back except for Bautista and Tate. Tate hasn’t been here at all, he’s not a factor one bit.

The team quality of the orioles should include Mullins, because he is no longer injured. It should not include Franco for the Rays, because he is not coming back.

This is not hard.

andrewpaulMember since 2026
2 years ago

the funniest bit in baseball journalism endures

Chip LockeMember since 2016
2 years ago

I love the concept of power rankings. I’m not sure why, but there’s something organized about it that speaks to me. So I want these to work. A few suggestions:

  • Be more forthcoming about the calculus. I recognize you might not want to be completely open about this, but right now you have a large group of analytically-inclined readers, and I haven’t found anyone able to make heads or tails of how this works.
  • Put more weight on past actual outcomes. This seems to be very future-focused, almost like “here’s how we expect the records to be if the season started today.” Fact of the matter is, even if Baltimore is vastly outperforming its ability, everything prior is in the bank. They are 12 games up on the currently-not-playoff-bound Mariners . Maybe the M’s will outplay them in the last two weeks, but however you want to define “power”, the O’s have more of it. I think this, more than anything, will earn credibility among readers.
  • I realize this goes against the sanctity of Fangraphs, and it may earn me some disapproval, but I think baking in team circumstances to the best out of your ability could help here. Cleveland doesn’t invest in its team, so early in the season if they are not performing well, they can probably lose a couple “power points” due to ownership’s lack of care. The O’s have a plethora of prospects to call up? Seems like a little power to me. The Rangers have 45 pitchers on the IL at the end of the season? Maybe their power dips a little bit. Again, this third point is virtually impossible to calculate, and uses some subjectivity, so it can be ignored or critiqued. But also these are “power rankings”, which are not actually quantitative in the first place (hence all the negative comments), so I figured I’d throw it out there.

Whether I’m on the right track or not, I hope that some major changes to these rankings come next year, as I do love the concept.

baseballfan115Member since 2020
2 years ago
Reply to  Chip Locke

The Rangers and Mariners seem destined to duke it out for an AL Wild Card spot; they’ll play each other seven times over the last two weeks of the season. To make matters even more dramatic, those two teams are still just 1.5 and 2.5 games behind the Astros for the AL West division lead, too.” The Rangers just lost Scherzer, and yet they are both ranked ahead of the Astros? I don’t necessarily disagree that the three teams are close but to leave off the division leader with no explanation causes some head-scratching.

Jross
2 years ago
Reply to  Chip Locke

Just look at the standings if ” actual outcome” means so much to you.

Chip LockeMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  Jross

If you like it the way it is then fine, but I clearly said I like the concept of power rankings, just think it needs to be tweaked.

There is a big difference between the standings, and a division-less “power” ranking based on schedules, pythag record, injuries, etc.

__AL
2 years ago
Reply to  Jross

why are the Cubs so far ahead of the Padres

cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  Chip Locke

This is FanGraphs. There’s no excuse to not show us the math behind the Team Quality score.

Jross
2 years ago
Reply to  cowdisciple

“first, we take the three most important components of a team — their offense (wRC+), their pitching (a 50/50 blend of FIP- and RA9-, weighted by starter and reliever IP share), and their defense (RAA) — and combine them to create an overall team quality metric. ” …

Os are out the top 10 in hitting and SP, but number 1 in RP. Do you really need to see the weighing % of each to understand a #1 RP ranking isn’t enough to make them the top ranked team?

cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  Jross

I’m not an Orioles fan in particular. I would like to understand what’s causing the Blue Jays to have a higher quality rating than the Braves, or the Red Sox to have a terrible Quality Rating despite being .500 by actual results and BaseRuns.

I’d also like to understand why the author derived a new metric specifically for this ranking, and then proceeds to ignore it with no further discussion when it comes to actually ordering the teams.

Jross
2 years ago
Reply to  cowdisciple

Just look at the three category rankings. It’s clear 1 point of wrc+ =/= 1 point of sp. They probably just weighed it relative to the standard deviation of each metric. It’s not exact science, it’s just an exercise that’s relatively intuitive if you just look at the rankings of the three categories used to make the “quality” metric.

cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  Jross

In clearly is an “exact science” in the sense that the numbers are produced by a formula. If you believe you can recalculate the results, I’d love to see it. Please show your work 🙂

Lanidrac
2 years ago
Reply to  Chip Locke

Maybe some more consideration could be given to past results, but I think Power Rankings work better at describing how good the teams are right now with injuries, trades, etc. accounted for, almost as if the rankings were describing how likely each team is to win the World Series if everyone made the playoffs and there were no changes in pitcher usage during the playoffs.

That’s also why the Team Quality metric doesn’t factor into the rankings that much, as that is mostly based on past results.

Chip LockeMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  Lanidrac

That’s a fair point, though I’d argue it should take into account the real-world playoff picture, along with future projections (i.e., not only are the Angels out of the playoffs but they have no future whatsoever, so they would drop a few spots). I just don’t see how the three teams fighting for the last two playoff spots are ranked ahead of the team that will likely be the #1 seed in the playoffs, with a bye and home-field advantage.*

I suppose part of my issue with this whole exercise is I am not sure what we are trying to portray. My best guess is, “If every team played each other 1,000 times each with current rosters, no further injuries, and no other changes, here is how we think they’d stack.”

*(I’m by no means an O’s fan, btw. That just seems like the most egregious issue here.)

ColonelMustard
2 years ago

Skepticism of your formula is warranted when it rates the Blue Jays(159) higher than the Braves(156)

cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  ColonelMustard

If we’re using 50% RA9 WAR in the pitching score, and then also counting OAA separately, it seems like defense is being counted twice. Just eyeballing it, teams with outlier OAA scores seem much higher/lower than one would expect.

I can’t think of a single reason why we aren’t allowed to see this formula, except that the author knows it will draw criticism for being obviously flawed. Prove me wrong!

tung_twista
2 years ago
Reply to  cowdisciple

I largely agree, but defense being counted ‘twice’ does not really mean anything without knowing the relative weights ra9-war and OAA are given to arrive at the final team quality score.
I don’t think the top 2 defensive teams Brewers/Diamondbacks having 12th/15th best team quality is too high, although the bottom two of Red Sox/Reds at 22nd/24th does seem low. 

cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  tung_twista

Yeah, that’s just speculation. I am not willing to relearn enough multivariable algebra to reverse engineer the formula. I’d rather complain about it.

wroehl
2 years ago
Reply to  ColonelMustard

Based off the data in the table, Team Quality = 98.18 + (2.18wRC) – (1.16SP-) – (1.01RP-) + (0.92RAA); R2 = 0.97, with the overall model and each of the independent variables being highly significant. So, Team quality is essentially 40% wRC, 20% SP-, 20% RP-, and 20% RAA.

Last edited 2 years ago by wroehl
cowdiscipleMember since 2016
2 years ago
Reply to  wroehl

Interesting. If I use this formula to recalculate the Red Sox, I get team quality 64, which is pretty close.

Seems like valuing run production 40% and run prevention 60% is what’s wrong and probably the source of most of the weirdness.

Using this formula puts the Braves at 164 and the Jays at 144, so the actual underlying formula still contains some additional unexplained weirdness.

Last edited 2 years ago by cowdisciple
Jason BMember since 2017
2 years ago

I love, love, love the Jays. That said, the Jays aren’t better than the Braves or Dodgers or Astros. They can’t score, ever. If they can’t win 3-2 or 2-1, they can’t win, period.

Also the Padres aren’t better than the Dodgers or Astros. (or probably another half-dozen teams they rank ahead of on the “team quality” metric, but I grabbed the two most glaring and most obviously wrong examples)

baltfanMember since 2025
2 years ago
Reply to  Jason B

They also aren’t better than the Orioles based on the fact that the Orioles were 10-3 against them with a run differential of +35.

EasyenoughMember since 2016
2 years ago

I most enjoy how these rankings challenge my beliefs.

My beliefs are mainly informed by current record.

But I don’t want to read a ranking based on coin flips three months ago. I do want to see which teams have out or underperformed this apparently predictive team strength measure.

Joelskil
2 years ago
Reply to  Easyenough

This is my problem with the playoff odds. How long has the model kept saying the O’s are going to be sub-.500 ROS? At some point, your priors were proven wrong, so update them. I far prefer BReff’s model, which uses the last 100 games, to inform me as to what the team is, not what the model thought the team would be before Game 1.

keefer
2 years ago

I know I’m gonna sound like a few million other aggrieved Orioles fans, but…

PUHHHHHLLLEEEEZE!!!!!!!

Enough already, Fangraphs. You guys do a lot things really well, but let’s dispense with the obtuse and inexplicable “Power Rankings.”

Fine, like every other “expert” March prognosticator, you got the Os utterly, completely and terribly wrong. But, hey, at least you had a lot of company.

Fellas, news flash: The season is 99% over (OK, my arithmetic may be a little off, but it’s close) and guess what: The Orioles are pretty damn good. I’d say (and a lot of other people would say, including lots of “experts”) one of the two best baseball teams on the entire planet. They’ve proved it. On the field. By winning games against other MLB teams. With real life players. It’s not just on paper. They are a really good team on the diamond.

I’m sorry, there are not 7 teams better than the Orioles. No way, no how, this is a provable fact.

Like every Os fan, I want my birds to win the World Series, because, of course, that’s why we’re Os fans. But a very close second reason is because I want to be able to not let you Fangraphs guys forget it. Ever. Until the end of time. Or longer.

I promise.

wordflyerMember since 2025
2 years ago

Stop calling these power rankings. They are not that. I don’t know what they are, but they are not in the spirit of power rankings. This model has some obvious flaws that could be accounted for but simply aren’t

markakis21
2 years ago

Day 213483492109 of asking you to either relase the formula to be examined by readers, or to change the formula to take into account the actual rosters of the teams. Wander Franco and Shane mclanahan are gone. Their incredible contributions should not matter for the so-called “team quality”.

Also, agree with the other poster that it seems like defense is double counted.

lftyg33
2 years ago

Go O’s

Limey
2 years ago

I’m more or less statistically illiterate so please bear with me…

Firstly, an idea about missing information that is creating the discombobulation about “team quality”. We have the “luck” factor which shows the gap between win percentage and runs scored and conceded; but no way to measure the correlation between the team quality score and the run differential. If they are very closely correlated, or even different ways to present the same numbers, is team quality not redundant? And if the correlation is not so strong it would be good to be able to see the team’s “luck” in run differential against their calculated team quality.

Secondly, in considering what value power rankings may have at all other than admittedly tasty clickbait, if the standings measure past performance (who cares how teams “should” have done in the past?) and playoffs odds and projected standings the future, shouldn’t power rankings be a measure of present strength, validated for the small sample of the defined “present”? On that basis the current model, calculated for e.g. each month of the season and weighted fairly heavily by recency, might do the trick.

Last edited 2 years ago by Limey
crp13
2 years ago

I’m confused.