12:01

Dan Szymborski: The appointed time has arrived.

12:01

Dan Szymborski: I think it’s just a bad run

12:02

Dan Szymborski: Dunno, grandmaster Szym would be better than actual Szym

12:03

Dan Szymborski: And I think all the good gambits have probably been discovered?

Read the rest of this entry »

On July 26, the Seattle Mariners experienced what was perhaps the apex of their season. Down 6-0 against the Astros until the third inning, they embarked on an improbable rally that would culminate in an 11-8 victory. Let’s take some time to admire Dylan Moore and his swing, which produced the grand slam that punctuated the uphill battle:

Chills! It was a great moment, and not just for Mariners fans but for baseball in general. Who doesn’t love a cathartic underdog upset? (Well, maybe not the Astros in this moment.) But it was also a reminder of how the team had gotten to that point. Despite an ugly run differential, the Mariners had managed to squeeze out key wins throughout the season. This latest against the Astros gave them a 55-46 record. Suddenly, a Wild Card berth didn’t seem out of reach.

Two weeks later, the Mariners are still going. I had planned to write this article as early as July 24, when I tweeted about the team’s offense. In the back of my mind, I sort of assumed they’d fizzle out. But here we are, and the Mariners have a respectable 58-51 record – three games behind Oakland, and just a few more behind Boston. No team has been more clutch. Read the rest of this entry »

The podcast returns a day earlier than normal, as I am joined by special guest co-host Jorge Arangure of The New York Times. We begin by wrapping up a busy trade deadline, then discuss how Kumar Rocker is a victim of an anti-player rule set, before getting into all of the latest COVID news (while bemoaning the fact that there is always COVID news). Then we are joined by special guest Chelsea Janes of The Washington Post, who takes us through the Nationals tearing things down last week. She also happens to be in Los Angeles for the Dodgers/Astros series, so vibes are discussed. From there it’s your emails and a check-in on Jorge’s mental state as somebody who can’t walk away from the pandemic. Plus, seeing how The Wire holds up after nearly two decades.

As always, we hope you enjoy and thank you for listening.

Music by No Lights.

Have a question you’d like answered on the show? Ask us anything at chinmusic@fangraphs.com. Read the rest of this entry »

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Bo Bichette is one of the best young hitters in the game. Just 23 years old, the Toronto Blue Jays shortstop has a .299/.345/.509 slash line to go with a 128 wRC+ and 35 home runs — 19 of them coming this season — in 795 big-league plate appearances through Tuesday’s action. Drafted 66th overall in 2016 out of a St. Petersburg high school, the 2021 American League All-Star is the son of former major-league slugger Dante Bichette.

Bichette talked hitting prior to a recent game at Fenway Park.

———

David Laurila: Let’s start with one of my favorite Talks Hitting ice-breaker questions: Do you view hitting as more of an art, or more of a science?

Bo Bichette: “That’s an interesting question. I’d say it’s a combination of both, but I would lean more toward it being an art. I think hitting is more mental than anything, and science kind of equates to mechanics and all that. So I would say art.”

Laurila: Hitting analytics have obviously become a bigger part of the game…

Bichette: “Yes, but for me, no. I think the analytics are more how we’re evaluated as players. Everybody has their own things that click in their head. I haven’t really looked at the analytics all that much. The one thing is that pitchers pitch up in the zone more often, so you definitely practice hitting that pitch a little bit. But I don’t pay attention to my launch angle, exit velocity, and stuff like that.”

Laurila: Is your stroke conducive to hitting the elevated fastball? Read the rest of this entry »

These are notes on prospects from lead prospect analyst Eric Longenhagen. Read previous installments of the Daily Prospect Notes here.

Emiliano Teodo, RHP, Texas Rangers
Level & Affiliate: Arizona Complex League Age: 20 Org Rank: 25 FV: 40+
Line: 3 IP, 1 H, 0 BB, 0 R, 2 K

Notes
Like Daniel Palencia (now of the Cubs, formerly of the A’s), Teodo signed just before the 2020 season that never happened and only popped onto the radar screen in 2021, when we actually had consistent minor league activity on the backfields. He’s been parked in the 98-101 mph range and spins in an upper-70s curveball that’s at times in excess of 3,000 rpm. Skinny and featuring a fairly violent delivery, Teodo’s projection skews toward relief, but there’s ample time to develop him because of when he signed. He’s another high-variance/upside arm in the Rangers system. Read the rest of this entry »

When you pull up the position player leaderboards since May 22, you’ll see a pair of likely MVP candidates sitting on top of the list. Shohei Ohtani leads all batters with 3.1 WAR during this period and that’s ignoring the additional 1.3 WAR the two-way star has accumulated on the mound over his last nine starts. Fernando Tatis Jr. sits behind Ohtani with Cedric Mullins rounding out the top trio (perhaps this article should have been about what Mullins has done this year). But nestled behind those three is Willy Adames with 3.1 WAR in 64 games. Why is May 22 the arbitrary time frame placed on this query? That was the day Adames made his debut for the Brewers after being traded to Milwaukee from the Rays.

On May 22, the Brewers were 22-23 and sitting behind the Cubs and Cardinals in the NL Central. Since then, they’ve had the best record in the National League at 42-21 and have built a sizable cushion in the standings ahead of their division rivals. That turnaround is due in no small part to Adames’ fantastic performance over these last two-plus months. He’s hit .295/.379/.553 for the Brewers, good for a 148 wRC+, and has played excellent defense at shortstop. With Christian Yelich still struggling to reproduce his MVP-quality production from 2018 and ‘19, Adames has taken the reins as the leading run producer in the Brewers lineup.

When you compare what Adames has accomplished in Milwaukee with what he did in Tampa Bay, it certainly appears as though the change of scenery has made the difference:

Adames has shown flashes of production like this in the past, but he’s been held back by an aggressive approach that’s led to some untenable strikeout rates. He’s taken his ability to hit for power to new levels with the Brewers, and his strikeout and walk rates have both greatly improved. We’re talking about just 268 plate appearances, but there are enough positive signs in his underlying numbers that we could be witnessing a huge breakout from Adames.

Part of that might be attributable to a literal change in his scenery. Last year, Adames tested out wearing non-prescription glasses while playing at home at Tropicana Field. He was having a really difficult time seeing the ball while playing under the lights of the domed field. “I was good on the road; I just couldn’t hit at the Trop,” Adames told Tyler Kepner of the New York Times in an interview from early July.

“After they changed the lights in ’19, it was tough for me to see the ball there. Everybody thought it was mental, but it wasn’t. I was just guessing all the time there because I couldn’t pick up the ball when I was hitting.”

His issues hitting at Tropicana Field are born out in his home/road splits while playing for the Rays.

What he was able to accomplish on the road while with Tampa looks remarkably similar to what he’s done in Milwaukee. But if he was able to see the ball better on the road, and now while he’s a member of the Brewers, that should show up in some of his underlying plate discipline metrics.

I’ve broken Adames’ career down into three buckets: his home/away splits with the Rays and these last few months with the Brewers. Four of the five metrics above stay astonishingly consistent no matter where Adames is playing. But the one that has some significant differences may be the most important. While batting at Tropicana Field, Adames’ chase rate was a touch above league average; on the road as a Ray and as a Brewer, his chase rate falls well below league average.

That tracks with the way Adames described the effect of the lighting at Tropicana Field in this interview with MLB.com:

“Whenever I was out of the Trop, I feel like I was able to recognize the spin of the ball. You could see if it was a breaking ball, changeup or whatever. At The Trop, I couldn’t pick it up.”

In other interviews, he essentially said his approach while playing in Tampa Bay was just guessing at pitches and hoping to guess correctly. Everything about his approach stayed consistent, except for his ability to recognize pitches and lay off the ones that were traveling out of the strike zone.

These issues also affected the quality of contact he made at home as a Ray. Because he was guessing at which pitches were being thrown to him, when he did make contact with a pitch, he was more prone to mishit it, resulting in poor contact quality.

All of his significant batted ball peripherals were considerably weaker while hitting at Tropicana Field. He wasn’t hitting them as hard and struggled to tap into the power he’s displayed throughout his career.

Back in March, I wrote about how Adames quietly enjoyed a power breakout last year despite some major red flags in his approach. All the gains he made in terms of contact quality last year have taken another step forward this year. His barrel rate, hard hit rate, and average exit velocity are all at career highs — and that’s even including his miserable two months to start the season. All of his batted ball peripherals are even better as a Brewer. Even more encouraging, his batted ball profile isn’t as pull heavy as it was last year. He’s spreading the ball around the field again while still hitting for tons of power. He’s still hitting the ball to left field more often than he was in 2018 and ‘19, but his pull rate has come down more than 10 points from where it was last year.

Based on his struggles in Tampa Bay to start this year, it appears as though the pressure to keep his job on the Rays, particularly with Wander Franco looming, may have affected his performance on the field. That pressure, coupled with the visual issues he’s been dealing with over the last few years, really cratered his production. Now that Adames is in Milwaukee, he’s better recognizing pitches and has adjusted his approach accordingly while continuing to build on the improved contact quality he worked on last year. We’ve seen the best version of Adames over the last two months. The Brewers have to be thrilled they’ve found their long-term solution at shortstop.

The trade deadline has come and gone, and teams are approaching the two-thirds mark of the season. With the elimination of August waiver season, clubs have little room to adjust from here. Other than the smallest of moves involving minor leaguers or unaffiliated players, rosters are what they are, and evaluators have already moved on to preparing for the offseason free agent class. In some ways, it’s a frustrating time for playoff contenders, as one can feel a bit helpless; all you can do from here on out is watch what happens. For teams clearly out of the playoff race, August and September have a different dynamic, with clubs using their last 60 games to learn about their young players. There is no greater jump in baseball than from Triple-A to the big leagues. The players are exponentially better, and there are prospects who thrive (or shrink) in ballparks with third decks, bright lights, and an army of TV cameras. In terms of the 2021 season, the teams listed below are playing out the string. But they’re also using this time to figure out which of the players on their roster can be part of their next team to play late-season games that matter.

Arizona Diamondbacks

The Diamondbacks had a relatively quiet deadline, but this also wasn’t a team expected to be this bad or loaded with good players on expiring deals. It will be interesting to see if Cooper Hummel, acquired from Milwaukee in the Eduardo Escobar deal, gets some major league at-bats this year. He’s had an outstanding Triple-A campaign, with more walks than strikeouts and a decent amount of power, but he also turns 27 in November, so it’s time to get going. It’s interesting to note that Arizona tried him at third base (it was just his second game at the position as a pro) during his first week in Reno, as most scouts put him firmly in the 1B/LF category. It looks like the D-backs will initially give at-bats to another older minor league slugger in the form of Drew Ellis, with the hope that one of the pair can represent an improvement over Christian Walker, which wouldn’t be asking much. The club also needs more assurances from Pavin Smith and Daulton Varsho, who so far have both looked more like nice bench pieces than everyday players on a contending team. A remarkable 36 players have taken the mound for the Diamondbacks, but the majority of their better pitching prospects are at the lower levels, so all they can really do from here is keep rolling out a variety of Quad-A-type bullpen arms to see if any of them have potential beyond that. Read the rest of this entry »

Every season, the trade deadline brings with it a fresh dose of jarring imagery. A clean shaven Joey Gallo and an orange-and-black clad Kris Bryant are just a few of the sights that will take some getting used to this year. But 2021 offers an additional element of strangeness, as the Tokyo Olympics and the trade deadline have conspired to leave some players in a unique state of suspended baseball animation. Last month, Joe Ryan and Shane Baz headed to Tokyo as Durham Bulls teammates. But a few days and one Nelson Cruz trade later, it became clear that only Baz would be returning to the Rays’ Triple-A affiliate after the Games. And unlike most of the players dealt in the most explosive trade deadline in recent memory, our first post-trade look at Ryan wasn’t in the uniform of his new minor league home team with the Twins, but rather adorned in red, white and blue as he took the hill for Team USA’s first game of the Olympic tournament against Israel.

Among the arms in Team USA’s rotation, Ryan isn’t really considered a Game One starter, but given that their first matchup in pool play was against the tournament’s decided underdog, it seemed like an obvious opportunity for the US to maximize Ryan’s effectiveness while also saving their more seasoned starters for the stiffer offensive competition to come. Ryan has a tendency to favor his low-90s fastball, an approach that has led him to a tremendous 34.9% K-rate at Triple-A so far this year, against a walk rate of just 4.7%. And while his fastball-heavy approach is less likely to keep the offense of teams like the Dominican Republic or Japan at bay – and by Eric Longenhagen’s estimation, may ultimately lead to a career as a major-league reliever – it was enough for Ryan to emerge victorious in his start against Israel (you can read more about Eric’s take on Ryan in Dan Szymborski’s analysis of the Cruz trade, linked above). Ryan gave up five hits and notched five strikeouts with no free passes over his six innings, as Team USA won 8-1. The only run he allowed was a solo home run off the bat of Danny Valencia, which added an extra dash of surreality for Twins fans: a clash of prospect past and future. Read the rest of this entry »

With the trade deadline officially behind us and the home stretch of the 2021 season underway, it might just be the time to take a peek at baseball’s major award races. Now that every team is comfortably past the 100-game mark, there isn’t much time left for the candidates for full-season achievements to pad their résumés, but many of these awards are still somewhat up for grabs.

Shohei Ohtani is a pretty good bet to win AL MVP. But for the other five major award races — the ones that FanGraphs writers are asked to predict prior to the season — there still seems to be plenty of competition the rest of the way. Oddsmakers don’t currently have a favorite for either the NL Cy Young or AL Rookie of the Year awards, and give only slight edges to Lance Lynn for the AL Cy Young and Trevor Rogers for the NL Rookie of the Year awards, suggesting there are plenty of opportunities for other players to get hot and capture some end-of-season hardware.

Still, even in some of these cases, we have a pretty good idea of the collection of players who might seriously contend. In the AL Cy Young race, for example, oddsmakers think it should be one of Lynn, Gerrit Cole, or Carlos Rodón. For the NL Rookie of the Year, they see a two-man race between Rogers and Jonathan India. The NL Cy Young paints a more complicated picture given Jacob deGrom’s injury. Read the rest of this entry »

There is an old adage in baseball that changing a hitter’s eye level pitch-to-pitch will lead to better outcomes for the pitcher. This makes sense on its face: compared to varying pitch heights and forcing a hitter to alter his bat path, throwing two consecutive pitches at the same height should make it easier for a batter to square up the ball. In a New York Times piece by Tyler Kepner, Mike Mussina discussed the importance of varying locations pitch-to-pitch to mess with the hitter’s eye, offering the example of throwing fastballs down and then countering with a pitch up in the zone. Kepner noted that the hitter’s eye would then be trained on a pitch higher in strike zone, affording the pitcher the opportunity to throw a curveball down to induce a groundball, or net a swing-and-miss. David Price has expressed a similar sentiment: “That’s always a big emphasis [for] me, just making sure I’m hitting spots with that fastball – two-seam, four-seam, both sides of the plate, moving it in, up, down.”

In research on the effect of eye level change on college hitters’ performance against fastballs, Higuchi et al. found that quick eye movement as a pitch traverses towards home plate has negative consequences for the hitter. This research was included in Driveline Baseball’s examination of hitters’ gazes when standing at the plate. On these pages in 2015, Jonah Pemstein looked into whether a pitch thrown at a different height than the one that followed it affected how umpires called the pitch at hand. Permstein surmised that this was indeed the case, with umpires less likely to call a pitch a strike at any height if the previous pitch was thrown at a different vertical location.

As I said up top, this all makes intuitive sense. But does it hold up to further scrutiny? The research I cited by Higuchi et al. only included six collegiate hitters and only considered fastballs. While their work was extremely thorough, its scope didn’t consider the hitter population many of us are most interested in (major league hitters) and only included fastballs at a time when pitches are leaning on breaking balls and offspeed pitches more than ever. Pemstein’s research looked at umpires, not hitters; his conclusions give us some confidence that behavior changes when pitchers vary their pitch location, but doesn’t provide insight into the strategy’s ability to flummox batters. I decided to delve into the data myself and see if there was any merit to this fundamental aspect of pitching strategy.

Using Statcast data from the past three seasons, I constructed various pitch sequence parameters to gauge the efficacy of changing the hitter’s eye level. The first parameter involved pitches that were in the strike zone, as defined by the MLB Gameday zone. Pitches in zones 1, 2, and 3 were coded as “up,” zones 7, 8, and 9 as “down,” and 4, 5, and 6 as “middle.” All other zones were considered off the plate. I focused on pitches in the strike zone because we know hitters are more likely to swing at those pitches and generally have success when they do. The in-zone swinging strike rate over this sample was 12.1%, while 28.1% of these pitches were put into play. Batters had a .349 wOBA on pitches inside this strike zone versus a .304 wOBA outside of it. Any degradation in performance on pitches inside the zone would be a real value-add for pitchers. Read the rest of this entry »