Scouting Corey Kluber as an Exercise
In my weekly chats or in the comments section of certain posts, readers often ask a question like, “Does Pitcher X have ace potential?” or some variant of it. While it makes sense that people would be curious about such a thing, the answer is (by definition) almost always “No.” Because there are so few aces in the majors, the probability that any prospect would develop into one is necessarily low.
When I’m at games — and especially when I’m at spring-training games — I’ll occasionally run into someone like Corey Kluber, though. And while I realize nobody’s wondering if Kluber has a chance of succeeding in the majors, there’s some value in writing up guys like this as an exercise, to illustrate what an ace looks like on paper. So that’s what I’ve done here. (Note, as well: context is important when reading the following, as it’s the product of an abbreviated spring look.)
Kluber was 90-92 in my viewing, with enough movement on his fastball to merit a half-grade bump. That’s about 1.5 ticks slower than his average fastball velocity from last year, but this is typical of early-spring Kluber. I put a 55 on his fastball while observing im and imagine it’s plus during the season when he’s throwing harder.
He mixed in a cutter, slider, changeup, and a curveball. The cutter was 86-88 with tight, late movement. It was consistently plus, flashing plus-plus, and Kluber put it where he wanted to when he wanted to. It’s likely that the slider and curveball are the same pitch and that Kluber can just manipulate the shape and depth of the pitch, but the ball acts differently enough when Kluber does this that he functionally has both, even if the catcher puts down the same sign for both. When his breaking ball behaved more like a curveball, it was a 50, a deep, but blunt, 80-82 mph curveball. The slider was one of the best I’ve ever seen, and Kluber threw a few 80-grade sliders in the outing, while most were 70s in the 83-85 mph range. These had more horizontal movement and, like everything else Kluber does, located with precision. I saw a few changeups that I thought were average.
So, this particular ace looks like this: 70 command, 60 fastball, 60 cutter, 70 slider, 50 curveball, 50 changeup, with elite sequencing and pitchability. That’s an example of the standard to which other pitchers are behind held in terms of becoming a true No. 1 starter.
Now, some other notes from Arizona…
Other Cleveland Notes
RHP Nick Goody has been knocked around a bit early in the spring. He was 90-92 with a below-average slider in the 79-81 mph range in my look. Twenty-three-year-old RHP Cameron Hill was the closer at Double-A Akron last year. He was 90-93 with good extension and a late-diving, 83-84 mph split that flashed 55. He also has a fringey, mid-70s curveball that has rainbow depth but loose break. Goody has a two-year big-league track record of missing bats, Hill was old for Double-A last year, but just on stuff I’d have Hill ahead of Goody right now.
Oakland Notes
As I finished up the Oakland Athletics prospect list, I attended some of their spring-training games to get fresh looks at the prospects to whom the club has allocated big-league time. Minor-league spring games haven’t started yet, so aside from the occasional B game or intrasquad, prospect-heavy looks are hard to come by. Here are some notes on A’s players who aren’t technically prospects anymore, but about whom you might want to know.
Soon-to-be 25-year-old Frankie Montas (not rookie eligible due to non-September days on the MLB roster last year) made a short-notice start when LHP Sean Manaea was scratched due to back issues. Montas was originally slated to appear in relief. He was 92-95 with a plus-flashing breaking ball in the 82-85 mph range but also threw several 30- and 40-grade breaking balls and cast a few below-average changeups in the upper-80s. It’s early in the spring so take those velocities with a pillar of salt, but Montas averaged 98 last year and 98-101 during the 2016 Fall League.
A’s RHP Yusmeiro Petit struck out 101 hitters in 91 innings last year because he generates ridiculous down-mound extension (in excess of seven feet, which is prime Tim Lincecum range) which enables his fastball to play way up above its velocity. His fastballs to Edwin Encarnacion here are 86 mph and Encarnacion is late on both.
Finally, here’s a quick check on RHP Chris Bassitt, who has missed significant time due to Tommy John: he was 90-91, throwing a cutter (55), changeup (50), and curveball (change-of-pace trick pitch)
Eric Longenhagen is from Catasauqua, PA and currently lives in Tempe, AZ. He spent four years working for the Phillies Triple-A affiliate, two with Baseball Info Solutions and two contributing to prospect coverage at ESPN.com. Previous work can also be found at Sports On Earth, CrashburnAlley and Prospect Insider.
That Kluber kid could really become a special player.
Nah, he’ll bust like most of the rest of them.
Just out of curiosity, are you going to see any Angles games?
Sounds like a math teacher’s idea of how to get kids to maybe not hate geometry.
True story you are dying to hear…My 8th grade maf teach set up a field trip for a Yankee/Sox game. The matchup was Mussina/Martinez, they struck out 25 batters betweem among other amazing Mussina/Martinez things. I’m not sure he ever collected whatever the assignment was. Great teacher
Fantastic idea/post. Too bad don’t have time for more.
Also, Edwin Encarnacion being late on an 86mph heater (let’s assume it’s perceived velo is 91? with deception/extension?) seems super concerning.
PV is actually probably less than that. What I’ve found on Petit suggests he’s gotten about a 2mph bump in PV.
Unless I miss my mark, though, that game was all the way back on February 27th, only 5 days into ST. Way too early to be concerned by a couple of late swings at mid-80s heat from a pitcher with a FB-rate below 50%.
It’s also March.
Roughly matches my intuition for “ace material” scouting report: two 70-grade tools, and two 60+, with nothing less than 50. (alternatively, one 80, one 65 and two 60+)
I would imagine Kershaw would scout as something like:
Fastball: 70 (very straight, but plus or plus-plus velocity for a lefty. late rise that hitters seem to have a hard time squaring up)
Cutter: 65 (late, tight horizontal action that plays off his fastball, consistently located where the hitter can’t handle it)
Curve: 80 (big, classic, 12-6 breaker with two distinct speeds. Kershaw consistently demonstrated the ability to locate it on the black and steal a strike, or bury it in front of the plate and induce a foolish swing)
Command: 70 (everything Kershaw throws is exactly where he wants it, which causes all his pitches to play up considerably)
As with most fastball/curveball pitchers, his sequencing can be a little predictable. He leans very heavily on his fastball early in counts, and when behind, while his curveball almost always makes its appearance late in counts when ahead. Hitters haven’t been able to capitalize on this predictability, probably because of how well he locates his pitches and how difficult they are to square up, even when you know they’re coming.
Give the cutter a 60 because it sometimes tends to hang up when thrown in to right-handers, giving them the opportunity to punish it. It’s probably the most punishable pitch, but the synergy with the fastball and his command allows it to play up consistently.
Yeah I really wanted to knock the cutter down more, but by linear weights, it’s actually his most valuable pitch, so I didn’t really trust myself. 🙂 To my eye, it’s always a very very well located pitch, and it plays off the fastball exceptionally well, but there are much better cutters in the league.
Kersh is probably 70/70/65/80
If a guy with K/BB ratios in excess of 15 isn’t an 80 command, then nothing is an 80 command.
His curve is beautiful but its his 3rd-most-effective pitch after the slider and 4 seamer. It plays up because he only throws it about 15% of the time; when he was a 2 pitch-pitcher before he developed the slider, his curve wasn’t that effective because people camped on it and he couldn’t always locate it where he wanted it.
It’s amazing as a change of pace pitch.
Don’t forget that Kershaw’s command was also rubbish back when he was a 2 pitch pitcher (I know you mentioned that, but I wanted to underscore it). I legitimately think he could have succeeded as a fastball/curveball guy, given just how good both of those pitches are (think: Rich Hill with 10-15 mph extra velocity), but his command held him back. He developed the cutter (honestly no idea why he calls it a slider; it isn’t a slider grip or slider movement) because his pitching coach was hoping to give him more tools to offset his bad command, and you can’t really throw a changeup from that arm slot. The fact that his command clicked at the same time that his cutter did is what took him from “better Rich Hill with fringy command” to CLAYTON MF KERSHAW.
But in general, no, I wouldn’t say he has 80 grade command. He has superlative command, yes, and it’s more than strong enough to carry him as his stuff backs up over the next 5-10 years, but he’s not prime Pedro in that respect. I give the deference to his curveball just because of how incredible and unique it is and how hard it is to pick up out of his hand. It strikes me as a pitch that would scout unbelievably well, but ironically due to its vast movement, doesn’t play as well in a game situation.
0.66 BB/9 from 2016 is literally 3 times better than anything Pedro ever did. Even last year’s 1.54 would be Pedro’s career 2nd-best.
Its true that Kershaw did not have great command when he debuted (he walked over 4 batters per 9 his first 2 seasons).
His career BB/9 is still better than Pedro’s.
His 2016 would be -Greg Maddux’s- career best.
if there’s an 80 command pitcher in modern MLB, it’s Kershaw.
Phil Hughes had back-to-back years with <1 BB/9.
Nice to see that Frankie Montas has a career to fall back on (baseball) after a good run as Malcolm in the Middle!
Great post, Eric.
I’ve got a question about player development that this post might help to illustrate. How much improvement has Kluber demonstrated since becoming a big leaguer? I haven’t checked the scouting reports on him but I cannot imagine that he was projected to have these pitch/tool grades as a pro when he was scouted as a minor leaguer.
Your current scouting report shows what Kluber is now, but I think it’s also really interesting if he is now just leaps and bounds better than anyone ever projected him to be, or if this outcome was within a reasonable range of outcomes for him.
Thanks!
I have collected velocity, h-mov, and v-mov data for every pitch thrown in 2017. From that data I have calculated mean and standard deviation for each value. This allows me to assign an objective grade for each component of every pitch thrown by every pitcher (except deception).
The data I have breaks Kluber’s pitches down as follows:
Kluber throws three fastballs: a four-seamer (FA), a two-seamer or sinker (SI) and a cutter (FC).
FA – 48 grade velo, 40 grade h-mov, 45 grade v-mov
I have this as a grade 45/50 pitch, not grade 60.
SI – 53 grade velo, 46 grade h-mov, 50 grade v-mov
I have this as a 50/55 grade pitch, which is better than his four-seamer, but still not a 60.
FC – 53 grade velo, 54 grade h-mov, 66 grade v-mov
I have this as a 55/60 grade pitch, so pretty much agree with EL.
SL – 50 grade velo, 77 grade h-mov, 48 grade v-mov
I have this as a grade 70 pitch, just like EL. It is a very good pitch.
CU – No data
This is likely due to the fact EL couldn’t determine if they were really two different pitches. I see the same issue with Luiz Gohara.
CH – 46 grade velo delta from FA/FC/SI, 44 grade h-mov, 57 grade v-mov
I would call this a 50 grade CH, just like EL.
Command – Sub-2.0 BB/9 is my proxy for command, which is grade 70+
I agree with the 70 grade command from EL.
Please do share your data! (Community Posts) I would love to see your methods of analysis.
Wouldn’t Pitch Values and contact rates be a better way of evaluating pitches? It seems like velocity and movement are less important than how they’re received by hitters. Kluber’s slider was the single best pitch in baseball by Pitch Values last year– does a 70 pitch play up that much solely due to 70 command?
Or put it another way: Rick Porcello threw a harder slider with more vertical movement than Kluber. Is that a 70 pitch?
The grades I assign to pitches are only evaluating their physically measurable attributes in isolation.
The overall effectiveness of pitches can be influenced by several factors that aren’t (easily) measurable: deception, sequencing, location, strategy vs particular batters, handedness of batters, etc.
My pitch grades only represent individual grades on the building blocks. Different pitchers/teams will be able to build better/worse real life pitchers with those building blocks. I generally use my grades to evaluate pitchers after a handful of early career starts in an attempt to determine if they are someone worth following more closely.
For example, as a Braves fan, I have identified the lack of rise on Fried’s fastball to be a major problem, and would like to see him switch to a sinker.
If you’re at Hohokam on Monday for Giants @ A’s, come grab a mustache shaped pretzel in the right field corner. We promise to geek out as FanGraphs Fanboys.
Loved the Kluber scouting report, I’d love to see one on Scherzer too. I imagine just about everything is 70 or 65 for him. Prospect scouting reports are great, but I’d love to see more scouting reports on established major leaguers.
My numbers have Scherzer’s pitches as follows:
FA – 54 grade velo, 58 grade h-mov, 46 grade v-mov
This is a solid 55+ grade four seamer, and we know he can dial it up higher than his average as needed
FC – 47 grade velo, 46 grade h-mov, 65 grade v-mov
The cutter is a an average 50 or slightly better, with lots of sink
CU – 47 grade velo, 55 grade h-mov, 51 grade v-mov
The curve is above average at 55 grade
SL – 56 grade velo, 45 grade h-mov, 51 grade v-mov
This is a grade 50 slider.
CH – 58 grade velo delta, 55 grade h-mov, 65 grade v-mov
His change is his best pitch, a 60/65 grade downer
Command – BB/9 under 2.5 is 65 grade
That arsenal seems a bit underwhelming for an undisputed Ace, and Scherzer is definitely an Ace as evidenced by his xwOBA values of 0.252, 0.264 and 0.239 the last 3 years (easily 80 grade overall for SPs).
Scherzer is a pitcher who is better than the sum of his parts, and has something that can’t be captured by Statcast’s radar tracking tech.
If you use current aces as the standard of performance against which to grade prospects, and then you grade an actual ace against the same benchmark, is it possible there might be some kind of circular reference issue at hand?