White Sox Extend Bummer’s Contract

Two months after extending Luis Robert, and less than a year after doing the same with Eloy Jiménez, the White Sox have locked in a contract for another young star, reportedly signing 26-year-old groundball specialist Aaron Bummer to a five-year extension worth a minimum of $16 million. The deal also includes options for Bummer’s 2025 and 2026 seasons, for $7.25 and $7.5 million, respectively, with $1.25 million buyouts in each year. If Bummer receives certain awards considerations, the final option year could be worth up to $10 million.

All told, the White Sox have guaranteed themselves a minimum of five and a maximum of seven years of Bummer’s services at a maximum cost of $32 million. Bummer has guaranteed himself $16 million. I suspect both parties will leave this deal feeling satisfied. As Bob Nightengale noted this is the largest extension given to a non-closer who has yet to qualify for arbitration in major league history. While the breakdown in the traditional closer role and the rise of elite sixth- and seventh-inning relievers makes that distinction somewhat less notable than it might have been a few years ago, this is still a major deal.

You may have already read Devan Fink’s detailed analysis of Bummer’s sinker earlier this month, but if you didn’t, here are the numbers that likely prompted the White Sox to put guaranteed money on the table: Bummer’s groundball rate in 2019 was 72.1% (second in the majors), he generated 14 runs on his sinker alone (also second), and he generated barrels on only 2.3% of batted ball events (third). Those numbers look a lot like those of another star reliever of recent vintage, Zack Britton, and it is indeed Britton who Bummer trailed in the first two categories. Read the rest of this entry »


We Provide Leverage: A Thought Experiment

Last week, when giving our playoff odds a quick once-over, I stumbled across something interesting. In translating from player statistics to our projections, we strip out the impact of reliever leverage. That seems intuitively weird, so I wanted to delve into the thinking behind it and see if I could find a workaround.

First, a quick recap of the issue. When we calculate WAR for relievers, we include the impact of leverage. This makes sense — the last reliever off the bench is mostly pitching in blowouts, so their contribution, good or bad, is less important than the closer’s. If you used a dominant reliever in a mop-up role, they’d be far less valuable than if they got to pitch in games where the outcome was uncertain.

How do we adjust for leverage? It’s reasonably straightforward. Take a reliever’s gmLI, which you can find in the Win Probability section. Kirby Yates, for example, had a gmLI of 2.16 last year. gmLI is the average leverage index when a pitcher enters the game. You can find a recap of leverage index here, but it’s essentially a measure of how important a given plate appearance is. A leverage index of 1 means that the situation is exactly as important as the average plate appearance, 2 means the situation is twice as important, and so on. Read the rest of this entry »


Top 39 Prospects: Philadelphia Phillies

Below is an analysis of the prospects in the farm system of the Philadelphia Phillies. Scouting reports are compiled with information provided by industry sources as well as my own observations. For more information on the 20-80 scouting scale by which all of our prospect content is governed, you can click here. For further explanation of the merits and drawbacks of Future Value, read this.

All of the numbered prospects here also appear on The Board, a resource the site offers featuring sortable scouting information for every organization. It can be found here.

Phillies Top Prospects
Rk Name Age Highest Level Position ETA FV
1 Spencer Howard 23.6 AA RHP 2020 55
2 Alec Bohm 23.6 AA 3B 2020 50
3 Bryson Stott 22.4 A- SS 2023 45+
4 Luis Garcia 19.3 A SS 2023 45
5 Francisco Morales 20.3 A RHP 2022 45
6 Simon Muzziotti 21.2 A+ CF 2022 45
7 Mickey Moniak 21.8 AA CF 2021 45
8 Johan Rojas 19.5 A- CF 2023 40+
9 Adonis Medina 23.2 AA RHP 2020 40+
10 Rafael Marchan 21.0 A+ C 2022 40+
11 Mauricio Llovera 23.9 AA RHP 2020 40+
12 Kendall Simmons 19.9 A- SS 2023 40+
13 Jamari Baylor 19.6 R 2B 2024 40
14 Nick Maton 23.0 AA SS 2021 40
15 JoJo Romero 23.4 AAA LHP 2020 40
16 Erik Miller 22.0 A LHP 2023 40
17 Jhailyn Ortiz 21.3 A+ RF 2021 40
18 Starlyn Castillo 18.0 R RHP 2024 40
19 Rodolfo Duran 22.0 A+ C 2021 40
20 Damon Jones 25.4 AAA LHP 2020 40
21 Cole Irvin 26.1 MLB LHP 2020 40
22 Ethan Lindow 21.4 A+ LHP 2022 40
23 Dominic Pipkin 20.3 A RHP 2023 35+
24 Gunner Mayer 19.6 R RHP 2024 35+
25 Cristopher Sanchez 23.2 AAA RHP 2020 35+
26 Julian Garcia 24.8 AA RHP 2020 35+
27 Logan O’Hoppe 20.0 A- C 2023 35+
28 Kyle Dohy 23.4 AAA LHP 2021 35+
29 Zach Warren 23.7 A+ LHP 2021 35+
30 Andrew Schultz 22.6 A RHP 2022 35+
31 Nicoly Pina 20.4 R RHP 2023 35+
32 Marcus Lee Sang 19.1 R RF 2024 35+
33 Kyle Young 22.2 A+ LHP 2021 35+
34 Enyel De Los Santos 24.2 MLB RHP 2020 35+
35 Victor Santos 19.6 A RHP 2023 35+
36 Carlos De La Cruz 20.4 A RF 2023 35+
37 Hsin-Chieh Lin 20.9 A+ RHP 2023 35+
38 Rixon Wingrove 19.8 R 1B 2023 35+
39 Manuel Silva 21.2 A LHP 2021 35+
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55 FV Prospects

Drafted: 2nd Round, 2017 from Cal Poly (PHI)
Age 23.6 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 205 Bat / Thr R / R FV 55
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
60/60 50/50 55/60 55/60 45/50 93-97 / 98

Teams were understandably late to identify Howard as an upper-crust draft prospect. He redshirted, then only threw 36 innings the following spring and began his draft year in the bullpen, a relative unknown. He moved to the rotation in March and crosscheckers started showing up to see him much later than is typical for a first look at a second round talent. In 2018, his first full season as a member of the rotation, Howard thrived and late in the year his stuff took off. He was sitting 94-98 and working with three nasty secondary pitches. That carried over to his first four starts of 2019 but was interrupted by shoulder soreness that benched him for two months. After he returned, the Phillies moved him pretty quickly to Double-A for six starts, then had him finish in the Fall League. His stuff was great in Arizona. He touched 99, sat mostly 93-97, his curveball and changeup were both plus, and his slider’s two-plane tilt gives Howard a second viable breaker, capable of garnering whiffs when it’s located away from righties. He barely pitched at Double-A last year and is likely to start 2020 there, but if he’s good for a month, especially in hitter-friendly Reading, then a promotion to Lehigh Valley makes sense. If at any point the competitive Phillies think he’s one of their five best arms, he needs to be in the big leagues.

50 FV Prospects

2. Alec Bohm, 3B
Drafted: 1st Round, 2018 from Wichita State (PHI)
Age 23.6 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 240 Bat / Thr R / R FV 50
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
50/60 60/60 45/55 40/30 40/40 60/60

Most of the industry expected Bohm’s swing to be altered at least a little bit after he was selected third overall in 2018, but I can’t imagine anyone expected this. Bohm’s swing now more closely resembles Michael Brantley’s, not some strikeout-heavy slugger’s uppercut hack. His hands start high and stay tucked before he simply guides them down to wherever the ball is. If anything, this swing is less noisy than his college iteration, and somehow a 6-foot-5, long-levered guy with big power managed to have just a 14% strikeout rate at Double-A last year. Bohm has enough raw power to hit balls hard even with a low-effort cut, and he’s been able to hit balls all over the zone because of how direct his swing is. Can he play third base? I came away from my extended Fall League look more optimistic than almost every scout I talked to. I have him projected as a 40 defender there in part because Philly is likely very motivated to leave him at third as long as Rhys Hoskins is around.

45+ FV Prospects

Drafted: 1st Round, 2019 from UNLV (PHI)
Age 22.4 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 195 Bat / Thr L / R FV 45+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
30/50 50/55 30/50 55/50 45/50 50/50

Teams fell into one of three groups when evaluating Stott before the draft. There were the teams that thought that, despite his size and atypical throwing stroke, he’d stay at shortstop and hit for some power because his swing has natural lift. Those teams were highest on him. Then there were teams that thought he’d just do one of those things. Stott is a waist-bender, and his lower half is tight. I think he’ll be okay at short but acknowledge that all else equal, I’d be more comfortable with a traditionally graceful shortstop.

Stott’s swing is geared for low-ball contact. It’s pretty, and Stott can hit pitches near his shoe-tops to all fields with power, but he needs to prove he can hit velocity at the top of the strike zone, which he’ll face a lot. The swing’s length and bat path create doubt. This profile is rare: it’s a lefty-hitting shortstop with power, but one riskier than is typical for a college bat who has two years of strong numbers.

45 FV Prospects

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2017 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 19.3 Height 5′ 11″ Weight 170 Bat / Thr S / R FV 45
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
25/55 45/50 20/40 55/55 50/55 60/60

Clearly in over his head in Lakewood, Garcia struggled badly and hit .186 while splitting time at second and short. When 18-year-olds get sent to full-season ball, they either hit their way onto top 100 lists or require age-related grace for their org’s aggressive misstep. This is still a switch-hitting teenage middle infielder with promising gap-to-gap pop. The big-ceiling helium is perhaps out of the balloon, but this skillset still goes somewhere in the first 50 or so picks of a draft.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2016 from Venezuela (PHI)
Age 20.3 Height 6′ 4″ Weight 185 Bat / Thr R / R FV 45
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/60 55/60 35/45 30/45 92-96 / 98

Morales remains on the starter/reliever fringe, and I think the latter is more likely. He has a traditional power pitcher’s fastball/slider combination, while the upper-80s changeup remains firm and unrefined, as does his control. Morales is a good athlete — he’s sinewy and strong — while his delivery is violent and difficult to repeat. One of those will usurp the other and dictate what happens to Morales’ role. I think he’ll be a ninth inning bully.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2016 from Venezuela (PHI)
Age 21.2 Height 6′ 1″ Weight 175 Bat / Thr L / L FV 45
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
35/60 40/45 30/35 60/60 45/55 55/55

This is the most talented set of hitting hands in this system. Some of Muzziotti’s cuts have an immaculate, electric beauty; others gasp to make contact with a pitch he should not have swung at. He can rip his hands through and get the barrel on pitches inside, and he can spoil tough pitches on the edge of the zone. There’s rare bat-to-ball feel here, which enables a swing-happy approach that could use refining. Muzziotti’s exit velo data is not great, he lacks much frame-based projection, and he’s been hurt a bit. But he has a special knack for finding the barrel and it’s what I care most about.

Drafted: 1st Round, 2016 from La Costa Canyon HS (CA) (PHI)
Age 21.8 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 185 Bat / Thr L / R FV 45
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
45/55 45/50 30/45 55/55 50/55 50/50

Yes, Moniak’s 2019 statline was slightly inflated by Reading’s run environment, but he has gotten stronger and still has the bat-to-ball skills that drove his amateur profile. His pre-draft skill overview was as follows: contact-first bat, with a chance to be elite in that regard, instincts-driven center field, and a relatively narrow band of framed-based raw power projection. Moniak has filled out and the raw power looks like it’s going to settle close to average, based on sourced exit velos and my Fall League looks (which weren’t good until the last week or two). Org opinions differ as to whether or not a better approach can be taught. A more selective Moniak might walk and slug a little more, and swing at pitches he can hit, but not in a way that does damage. I have him in as a low-end regular, a .310 OBP, .420 SLG sort of center fielder.

40+ FV Prospects

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2017 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 19.5 Height 6′ 1″ Weight 170 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
20/45 50/60 20/50 65/60 50/60 60/60

He’s rough around the edges but Rojas is a scintillating talent with the best power/speed combination in the system. The speed plays in the field, where Rojas can turn gap doubles into web gems. Right now Rojas is content to smash balls into play with crude swings, then run like hell. He may be a good enough defender in center to just end up with a low OBP, bigger SLG output that still profiles, but the big ceiling comes when Rojas refines his swing and approach.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2013 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 23.2 Height 6′ 1″ Weight 185 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
50/50 50/50 55/60 50/55 90-94 / 96

The right tail outcome for Medina’s profile is someone like Julio Teheran. Like Teheran, Medina is an athletic sinker/changeup righty, but he arguably has a better breaking ball than Teheran does. Before touching the vertical movement monolith and leaping into the new frontier of fastball understanding, I had boundless enthusiasm for Medina. It eventually became clear his fastball just wasn’t going to play like a mid-90s heater. The secondaries — a sweeping breaking ball in the 77-82 mph range and that changeup — and command projection were still strong, though. Last year, Medina’s walk and strikeout rates backed up on him. He has to have pretty fine command for everything to gel into a No. 4/5 starter; if that aspect of the skillset bounces back, he’ll move into that appropriate 45 FV tier.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2015 from Venezuela (PHI)
Age 21.0 Height 5′ 9″ Weight 170 Bat / Thr S / R FV 40+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
35/60 40/45 20/30 45/40 40/50 55/55

Marchan still doesn’t have a homer in four pro seasons but he has premium feel for contact and is an athletic catch-and-throw guy who should stay behind the plate. He still struggles to squeeze good breaking balls and with ball-blocking, but neither is so bad that Marchan is sure to move elsewhere, though he has played some first base. Moonlighting at first may grant Marchan a weekly reprieve from the rigors of catching but he has to squat full-time to profile as an everyday player without power. The contact skill is special but needs another piece of the profile to develop.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2014 from Venezuela (PHI)
Age 23.9 Height 5′ 11″ Weight 200 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Splitter Command Sits/Tops
50/55 50/50 55/60 40/45 91-94 / 96

The 2018 version of Llovera flashed a plus split, a plus breaking ball, and sat in the mid-90s. He seemed like a potential candidate for the Seranthony Domínguez treatment in 2019 — a quick move to the bullpen with high-leverage innings a distinct possibility based on stuff quality, especially if the heater got a bump because he could cut it loose in short bursts. Then Llovera pitched with diminished stuff and was shut down with an elbow issue in mid-July shortly after a bullpen trial. I’m staying on him as a nasty, multi-inning relief option, though it will require a bounce back in stuff.

Drafted: 6th Round, 2018 from Tattnall Square Academy HS (GA) (PHI)
Age 19.9 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 180 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
20/35 55/65 35/55 55/50 40/50 55/55

Simmons was a toolsy, volatile high school prospect who had strikeout issues against varsity high school pitching. His stride and the way his hands load have both changed since he’s entered pro ball, which seems to have improved his timing and general in-the-box comfort. There are still some bat-to-ball issues, but Simmons’ raw power/bat speed and rapid improvements are exciting. He could be a multi-positional player with power, the sort Ryan McMahon has been to this point, but with a role that includes some shortstop.

40 FV Prospects

Drafted: 3rd Round, 2019 from Benedictine HS (VA) (PHI)
Age 19.6 Height 5′ 11″ Weight 193 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
20/50 50/55 20/45 55/55 40/50 50/55

Baylor’s ability to rotate with ferocity took a leap sometime between PG National and his senior spring. Teams were not in agreement about where he fit defensively, and some bailed on him entirely early in the process because he didn’t look great with the bat during his pre-draft summer, perhaps due to a lingering arm injury. He went bonkers as a senior, not just clubbing bad pitching but looking more explosive to the eye. He has a shot to stay up the middle, most likely second base, and hit enough to profile there.

14. Nick Maton, SS
Drafted: 7th Round, 2017 from Lincoln Land JC (IL) (PHI)
Age 23.0 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 165 Bat / Thr L / R FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
30/45 45/45 30/40 55/55 50/55 60/60

This is a very interesting defensive and statistical profile. Maton is a lefty bat who can play both middle infield spots (and began playing some third base in 2019), he walks (10% career rate), and he hits the ball in the air a ton (33% career groundball rate). He’s also performed at every stop and checks a lot of visual, athletic boxes. The raw power, though, is lacking. Because Maton already hits the ball in the air a lot (he averaged 18 degrees on launch), there’s not a lot of room for cream at the top of his offensive profile that doesn’t involve him adding either strength or overhauling his swing in a way that unlocks power. At age 23, the former is unlikely, but with a fairly new dev staff in place on the hitting side, perhaps the latter is.

Realistically, he’s a good utility guy, but perhaps the feel for lift and the Triple-A/major league baseball gives him a shot to break out.

15. JoJo Romero, LHP
Drafted: 4th Round, 2016 from Yavapai JC (AZ) (PHI)
Age 23.4 Height 5′ 10″ Weight 190 Bat / Thr L / L FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Curveball Changeup Cutter Command Sits/Tops
40/40 50/50 50/55 45/50 45/55 89-93 / 95

It’s safe to say that the temporary velo bump Jojo displayed a few years ago was just that, and that he’s going to have lean heavily on his secondary stuff to pitch his way through the lineup a couple of times. He’s athletic and fields his position well (handy, as he has a 50% groundball rate), his changeup is a viable out pitch, and he can mix breaking ball shapes (cut, depth, sweep). I like him in a fairly valuable bulk relief role, maybe someone who’d be an interesting piggyback partner for Vince Velasquez or some other inefficient power arm.

16. Erik Miller, LHP
Drafted: 4th Round, 2019 from Stanford (PHI)
Age 22.0 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 220 Bat / Thr L / L FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
40/45 50/55 50/55 55/60 45/50 88-93 / 96

Scouts saw different versions of Miller at different times. He was into the mid-90s on the Cape but sat in the low-90s the following spring, reaching back for more when he wanted but appearing to dial things down to throw strikes most of the time. The quality of his secondary stuff and his intelligent deployment of those offerings should enable Miller to pitch at the back of a rotation, but he’s got a puncher’s chance to be more if he lives in the high-end of the velo band we’ve seen in the past.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2015 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 21.3 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 240 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
30/40 70/70 35/60 40/30 35/40 60/60

Ortiz finished second in the Florida State League in homers but still managed to finish the year with an overall batting line below the league’s average. He’s more svelte than he was as an amateur, and while he’s still big-bodied, he’s stronger than he is soft. He even got a little bit of run in center field last year, but at age 21, Ortiz is built like José Abreu is right now and is probably destined for right field or first base. I once thought a DH/1B future was a lock, but Ortiz has stayed fairly mobile and at this point, we have no idea what kind of infield hands he has. The power gives him a real shot to be a regular, and while the peripherals make him very scary, Ortiz gets some grace for being 20 in the Florida State League.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2018 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 18.0 Height 6′ 0″ Weight 210 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/60 55/60 40/50 30/45 93-95 / 97

Castillo’s fastball was touching 97 when he was 15 years old, and he received one of the highest bonuses of the 2018 July 2 class. He didn’t get into games until July, when he was 93-95 with a plus slider in 20-pitch outings. There’s no room on the frame (Castillo body comps to Frankie Montas) but there’s already plenty of velo, so that’s okay. Castillo needs command and a third pitch, both of which are likelier to come with reps he didn’t get last year.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2014 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 22.0 Height 5′ 8″ Weight 181 Bat / Thr R / R FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
35/45 50/50 35/40 40/40 50/55 55/55

Duran is an athletic, workmanlike catcher with plus raw arm strength. He receives well, is mobile, and will show you pop times in the low 1.9s. His power output is limited by an epicurean approach, but a very compact swing enables enough contact to support a backup catching profile.

20. Damon Jones, LHP
Drafted: 18th Round, 2017 from Washington State (PHI)
Age 25.4 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 225 Bat / Thr L / L FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/55 55/60 45/50 45/50 40/45 91-94 / 96

Jones found a better slider in 2019 and went from a lefty with average stuff to one with an out pitch. His fastball command is crude, and he especially struggles to work fastballs to his glove side right now. When he can get it in there, though, the angle is tough on righties and helps set up backfoot sliders, which Jones locates pretty consistently. He has fastball-heavy starter stuff and repertoire depth, but below-average command will probably limit him to inefficient, five-ish inning outings, or perhaps move him to the bullpen. If his velo ticks up in relief, it could be a dominant pitch, as it already plays up due to extension and angle.

21. Cole Irvin, LHP
Drafted: 5th Round, 2016 from Oregon (PHI)
Age 26.1 Height 6′ 4″ Weight 180 Bat / Thr L / L FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
45/45 45/45 45/45 55/55 55/55 90-92 / 95

Irvin sat 87-91 as a starter and then climbed into the 90-94 range out of the bullpen late last summer. He’s a strike-throwing lefty with a good curveball and changeup, with the latter more often used to finish hitters while the curveball is a great get-ahead first pitch. He’s a high-probability member of the staff as an up-and-down swingman during his option years.

22. Ethan Lindow, LHP
Drafted: 5th Round, 2017 from Locust Grove HS (GA) (PHI)
Age 21.4 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 180 Bat / Thr R / L FV 40
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
50/50 45/45 50/50 40/45 45/55 87-90 / 92

Lindow throws a ton of strikes with a bevy of average pitches, though his curveball typically has good shape, the kind that’s especially tough on lefties. He’s now barely the age of a college junior and has already had statistical success up through Hi-A. Lindow’s pitching approach is relatively fly ball-heavy, so Reading and the Triple-A baseball may expose some issues, but for now he projects as a backend starter.

35+ FV Prospects

Drafted: 9th Round, 2018 from Pinole Valley HS (CA) (PHI)
Age 20.3 Height 6′ 4″ Weight 170 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
50/60 40/45 40/45 45/55 35/50 90-95 / 98

Much of the velocity the industry saw glimpses of at times during Pipkin’s amateur career — and dreamt it would see again once he filled out — has arrived. After he topped out at 94 in 2018, Pipkin was up to 98 last year. His secondaries are still not very good (I think the changeup has the best chance to be an impact pitch) but one more brick is in place than was there a year ago and I still think Pipkin has a better chance to start than the older arms ranked behind him who admittedly have a greater chance of pitching in the majors at all.

24. Gunner Mayer, RHP
Drafted: 5th Round, 2019 from San Joaquin Delta JC (CA) (PHI)
Age 19.6 Height 6′ 6″ Weight 190 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
45/50 45/50 30/50 35/50 90-94 / 95

A junior college reliever, Mayer is a very interesting arm strength/physical projection developmental prospect. He was still just 18 on Draft Day in 2019 and is already throwing 90-95, and his gangly 6-foot-6 frame portends more velo. He has some nascent breaking ball feel but is understandably behind from a development standpoint due to his college role, and he has barely ever thrown a changeup. He’s a long-term project but has ingredients with which to work.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2013 from Dominican Republic (TBR)
Age 23.2 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 170 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
60/60 45/45 50/55 40/40 92-96 / 98

In the year leading up to Sanchez’s 40-man equilibrium trade from Tampa to Philly, his velo climbed from 88-93 to the 92-95 range, topping out at 98, and that was in multi-inning relief stints and starts lasting as long as five innings. His changeup progressed, and he’s now the hardest-throwing lefty on the Phillies 40-man and may compete for a spot in the bullpen during the spring.

26. Julian Garcia, RHP
Drafted: 10th Round, 2016 from Metropolitan State JC (CO) (PHI)
Age 24.8 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 206 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/55 55/55 50/50 50/50 87-90 / 91

Garcia’s fastball has elite vertical movement. His fastball spins at 2700 rpm on average, which is incredible on its own but especially amazing at his velocity. He has a deceptive overhand delivery, his changeup and curveball dovetail nicely, and he throws strikes. I think he could be a Yusmeiro Petit-style reliever.

Drafted: 23th Round, 2018 from St. John the Baptist HS (NY) (PHI)
Age 20.0 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 185 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
30/40 50/55 30/45 30/30 40/50 55/55

O’Hoppe is a well-built, athletic catcher who kept his head above water in the college-heavy New York-Penn League last year at age 19 (a 100 wRC+, mostly derived from a .407 SLG%). He’s adjusted to pro pitching fairly well for a cold weather prep prospect without elite showcase experience. He has the defensive shortcomings you’d expect someone this young and relatively inexperienced to have when handling good stuff, and his feel to hit is undercooked, but the power-on-contact last year was very strong for a teenager. He’s got a shot to be something, though the delta between the ceiling and floor is quite large.

28. Kyle Dohy, LHP
Drafted: 16th Round, 2017 from Citrus JC (CA) (PHI)
Age 23.4 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 188 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/55 50/55 55/55 30/35 90-93 / 96

A plus changeup, a re-worked slider, and mid-90s velo spearhead an option years trial relief profile for Dohy, whose excellent stuff is undercut by his poor control. This sort of stuff is still somewhat new for the lefty, who experienced a velo bump upon his move to the bullpen and has had his breaking ball overhauled. Plus he’s only 22, so he sits atop a group in this system with similar futures.

29. Zach Warren, LHP
Drafted: 14th Round, 2017 from Tennessee (PHI)
Age 23.7 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 200 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
55/55 50/55 45/50 35/40 91-94 / 96

Warren creates really tough angle on his stuff by way of his high arm slot. His slider has blunt movement but enough depth to offset the fact that it doesn’t bite that hard. He can also create visually-pleasing arm-side action on the changeup and will clearly have the mix to stand up to three-batter minimums if his ability to locate that pitch improve.

Drafted: 6th Round, 2019 from Tennessee (PHI)
Age 22.6 Height 6′ 4″ Weight 195 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
70/70 45/50 35/40 30/40 96-99 / 100

Schultz is the hardest throwing pitcher in this entire system, sitting 96-99 in his post-draft outings after he touched 101 at Tennessee. He walked a batter per inning in college and has a very long, tough-to-repeat arm action that affects his control and slider quality. He has late-inning arm strength but needs to find mechanical consistency to be anything at all.

31. Nicoly Pina, RHP
Signed: July 2nd Period, 2017 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 20.4 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 203 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Cutter Command Sits/Tops
55/60 45/50 35/45 93-96 / 97

Nicoly Pina’s breaking ball is still clearly a work in progress — I’d call his mid-80s breaker a cutter right now, but it seems subject to change — but physically, he has a huge arm and creates nearly pure backspin on his heater. I won’t go too crazy projecting on the fastball because he is already quite strong-bodied and pitching in relief (and with an unusual amount of rest between outings), but it could be a dominant pitch because of its vertical movement/velo combo.

Drafted: 11th Round, 2019 from Northern HS (MD) (PHI)
Age 19.1 Height 6′ 0″ Weight 200 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
20/45 45/50 25/50 55/50 40/50 60/60

Lee Sang is an athletic, two-way prospect who didn’t have much amateur experience against elite pitching. As a result, he’s likely to need some early-career barbecuing on the complex. But he has a sweet lefty stroke, he runs well enough to give center field a try, and he has a plus arm.

33. Kyle Young, LHP
Drafted: 22th Round, 2016 from St. Dominic HS (NY) (PHI)
Age 22.2 Height 6′ 10″ Weight 205 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Curveball Changeup Command Sits/Tops
40/40 45/50 45/50 50/55 50/55 87-90 / 92

Young’s size makes him an uncomfortable at-bat, especially for left-handed hitters, and he has the tools to deal with righties when he’s locating, as he often is. In essence, this is a No. 6 starter pitchability lefty with extreme size who might make him more difficult to deal with. He had Tommy John last May and likely won’t be back until late in 2020. He’s a strong Fall League candidate.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2014 from Dominican Republic (SEA)
Age 24.2 Height 6′ 3″ Weight 200 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
45/45 45/45 55/55 45/50 91-94 / 97

He’ll still bump 96 once in a while, but De Los Santos’ fastball has sinker shape that demands a better changeup with which to pair. The velo used to overpower hitters, but no longer. I’m curious how it might play in the bullpen but otherwise now consider De Los Santos a likely sixth starter type.

35. Victor Santos, RHP
Signed: July 2nd Period, 2016 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 19.6 Height 6′ 1″ Weight 191 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Splitter Command Sits/Tops
40/45 50/50 55/60 45/60 87-91 / 92

A pitchability teenager with a good changeup, Santos slings in average stuff, some of which plays up because of his funky, long arm action. His realistic ceiling is that of a fifth or sixth starter.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2017 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 20.4 Height 6′ 8″ Weight 210 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
30/35 55/70 35/55 55/50 40/50 50/50

De La Cruz has a power forward’s build at 6-foot-8 and is an extreme power projection long shot. He runs well enough underway that there’s a faction of scouts who think he might stay in center field, which would take some pressure off the swing-and-miss profile. The selectivity is the thing that really needs to improve here.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2018 from Taiwan (PHI)
Age 20.9 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 225 Bat / Thr R / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
40/50 40/50 40/50 35/45 89-92 / 94

Lin is a giant 20-year-old with huge, broad shoulders and a softer build. He has “reverse projection,” meaning he’s young enough to reshape an otherwise unprojectable build and add velocity through improved conditioning. Philly has targeted heavier-bodied pitchers in international free agency (Castillo, Morales, Santos) and Lin is another. His delivery is fairly loose and fluid, especially for his size. The secondary stuff is raw, but Lin had a strong statistical 2019 in a three-ish inning piggyback role with Williamsport.

Signed: July 2nd Period, 2017 from Australia (PHI)
Age 19.8 Height 6′ 5″ Weight 260 Bat / Thr L / R FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Hit Raw Power Game Power Run Fielding Throw
20/50 60/60 25/60 20/20 40/45 40/40

Wingrove repeated the GCL in 2019 and hit .298/.374/.500. He’s a huge lefty power bat who obviously needs to hit a ton to profile since he’s a heavy-footed, 1B/DH prospect. His Aussie background gives him a pass for that first summer and makes the level repeat less of a red flag, but he still has little margin for error.

39. Manuel Silva, LHP
Signed: July 2nd Period, 2015 from Dominican Republic (PHI)
Age 21.2 Height 6′ 2″ Weight 145 Bat / Thr L / L FV 35+
Tool Grades (Present/Future)
Fastball Slider Changeup Command Sits/Tops
40/45 45/50 45/50 45/50 88-92 / 95

I officially have one foot in, one foot out on Silva. His frame, his mechanical grace and fluidity, and his feel for locating average secondary stuff are still positives, but the clock is ticking on the body and fastball projection. The command and secondary quality aren’t good enough to support the profile without more heat.

Other Prospects of Note

Grouped by type and listed in order of preference within each category.

Older Pitching Depth
David Parkinson, LHP
Bailey Falter, LHP
Garrett Cleavinger, LHP
Ramon Rosso, RHP
Addison Russ, RHP
Keylan Killgore, LHP

The Phillies’ well of upper-level pitching ran dry last year. These are the internal options in case of emergency. Parkinson is a pitchability lefty with a good changeup, slow sweeping breaking ball, and below-average fastball. He has starts where he locates at will and carves. Falter is deceptive, has a bunch of pitches, and was a name teams poked around on before last year’s Rule 5. Cleavinger is a breaking ball-heavy lefty reliever up to 95 with the fastball. Rosso is a cutter/curveball relief prospect with a disorienting delivery. Russ is up to 96 and executes a 45-grade slider with remarkable consistency. Killgore has a low-90s fastball with plus vertical movement.

Young Pitching Projects
Eduar Segovia, RHP
Josh Gessner, RHP
Ben Brown, RHP
Brandon Ramey, RHP
Jordi Martinez, LHP

Segovia’s delivery is silky smooth and he’s touching 95 as a 19-year-old. His breaking ball effectiveness is location-dependent, but is has promising depth. The Phillies signed Gessner just before the 2018 signing period deadline for $850,000 in just-traded-for money from Baltimore. He has a good frame, works 90-92, has advanced feel for two below-average breaking balls and a promising changeup. Brown barely threw last year but was quite good when he did. He did not repeat his delivery as well as his walk rates suggest but he does have four average pitches, and the heater might play above its velo (90-93, touch 95). Ramey is a very tall young righty with a lower arm slot. His changeup has a chance to be very good. Martinez is a teenage lefty up to 96.

Husky Catchers
Deivy Grullon, C
Andrick Nava, C
Victor Diaz, C/1B
Abrahan Gutierrez, C/1B
Juan Aparicio, C

Grullon is on the 40-man, and has pull power and arm strength. Nava, 18, is the most contact-oriented hitter here. He only caught 14 games last year. Diaz, 18, spent 2019 in the DSL. He has average present power. Gutierrez has the most projectable frame of this group but he’s a slow-twitch guy, as is Aparicio, who hit his way out of Williamsport last July.

System Overview

The recent Phillies draft strategy has been heavy on $750,000-ish high schoolers and other overslot curiosities, the sorts of players who end up in the 35+ FV tier and are shaped by development. That may change now that the amateur department is headed by Brian Barber, who had been a Yankees national crosschecker, but perhaps a depth-driven approach to farm building makes sense for this org. The amateur staff is good at uncovering O’Hoppes and Mezquitas and Mayers, and the development staff now has a lot of Houston and Driveline DNA coursing through its veins, with Josh Bonifay and Jason Ochart occupying prominent roles on the dev side. More malleable athletes mean more opportunities to make good players at a time when the system will be under pressure to provide tradable prospects as the big club seeks to compete.


Effectively Wild Episode 1505: Sign Stealing is a Flat Circle

EWFI
In a special narrative episode of Effectively Wild, Ben Lindbergh traces the parallels between baseball’s latest sign-stealing crisis and an almost 60-year-old sign-stealing scandal that caused a comparable upheaval in the sport, drawing on archival clips, contemporary music, and interviews with author Paul Dickson and former major leaguers Eddie Robinson, Al Worthington, and Jay Hook to explore how illicit sign stealing starts, whether players can prevent it, and why it keeps recurring.

Audio intro: Bob Dylan, "Stealin’"
Audio interstitial 1: Elvis Presley, "Suspicion"
Audio interstitial 2: Gene Vincent, "I’m Goin’ Home (To See My Baby)"
Audio interstitial 3: Helen Humes, "‘Tain’t Nobody’s Biz-Ness If I Do"
Audio interstitial 4: Goldie Hill, "I Slipped Off My Wedding Ring"
Audio interstitial 5: Patsy Cline, "Your Cheatin’ Heart"
Audio outro: Ray Charles (Feat. Margie Hendricks), "Tell the Truth"

Link to The Hidden Language of Baseball
Link to Robinson’s memoir
Link to Veeck As In Wreck
Link to Rob Arthur’s Astros research
Link to Major League II scene
Link to Greenberg autobiography
Link to 1913 McGraw article
Link to first part of 1962 Sporting News sign-stealing feature
Link to second part of 1962 Sporting News sign-stealing feature
Link to 1962 Hook article
Link to 1957 Williams pigeon-shooting article
Link to Robinson interview episode
Link to order The MVP Machine

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Sunday Notes: Dodgers Prospect Kody Hoese is Calm, Cool, and Collects Hits

Kody Hoese exploded last season at Tulane. In a breakout junior campaign that saw him shoot up draft charts, the right-handed-hitting third baseman slashed a preposterous .391/.486/.779, bashing 23 home runs along the way. Duly impressed, the Los Angeles Dodgers selected Hoese with the 25th pick of the first round.

He proceeded to acclimate well to pro ball. The numbers weren’t nearly as loud as they were with the Green Wave, but his .299/.380/.483 line between rookie-level Arizona and the low-A Great Lakes Loons was more than adequate. In terms of getting his feet wet, Hoese did just fine.

Asking Hoese about the sudden-rise path he took from Tulane to top-shelf prospect unearthed no great revelations. The 22-year-old Griffith, Indiana native feels that he simply matured and grew into having a more-advanced approach at the plate. “There weren’t really any mechanical changes, or anything like that.”

Hoese’s setup and stroke are anything but complicated. He presents with a “little-lower-hands slot” and a simple load where he “kind of gets into [his] back side, and then strides.” He tries to stay balanced — “centered through my body, upright” — with minimal head movement. His primary objectives are a consistent swing path and focusing on driving the ball up the middle and to the opposite-field gap.

Aaron Bates, who tutors hitters in the Dodgers system, offered a similar take when queried about Hoese’s M.O. Read the rest of this entry »


Effectively Wild Episode 1504: Suing the Sign Stealers

EWFI
Will we see baseball’s sign stealers in court, or will attempts to take legal action be a suing and a miss? In a bonus episode of EW, Ben Lindbergh talks to sports-law expert Nathaniel Grow about the viability of and precedents for several lawsuits related to MLB’s ongoing sign-stealing scandal, as well as another case that could overturn teams’ traditional lack of liability for fan injuries sustained from foul balls.

Audio intro: Lindisfarne, "Court in the Act"
Audio outro: Frank Loesser, "Sue Me"

Link to story about Bolsinger case
Link to story about nine demoted pitchers
Link to Rob Arthur on sign stealing’s effectiveness
Link to story about Wallach case
Link to story about other ticket cases
Link to story about Olson case
Link to Clifford filing
Link to article about foul ball case
Link to article about 2008 PEDs case
Link to video of Bonds homer
Link to order The MVP Machine

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Effectively Wild Episode 1503: Season Preview Series: Indians and Rangers

EWFI
Ben Lindbergh and Sam Miller banter about the AL/NL distribution of the season preview pods so far and a few notable numbers from the newly published FanGraphs playoff odds, then preview the 2020 Indians (8:11) with Sports Illustrated’s T.J. Zuppe, and the 2020 Rangers (38:55) with The Athletic’s Levi Weaver.

Audio intro: Della Mae, "The Odds of Getting Even"
Audio interstitial: The Jam, "I’ve Changed My Address"
Audio outro: Willie Nelson (Feat. Sinéad O’Connor), "Don’t Give Up"

Link to FanGraphs playoff odds
Link to Levi on the Rangers’ versatility
Link to Levi on Solak
Link to order The MVP Machine

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There Are Some Diamonds at the Back of Arizona’s Rotation

Players have reported to camp, bullpens are being thrown, and batting practice is being taken. Spring training is nearly in full swing with a full slate of games scheduled for Saturday. Every spring, the various position battles being waged on every team’s roster are often the most interesting storylines to follow.

This year, a surprising position battle opened up in Arizona. Last weekend, Mike Hazen, the general manager of the Diamondbacks, confirmed that there would be an open competition for the fifth spot in Arizona’s rotation. With Madison Bumgarner added during the offseason and Robbie Ray still in the fold, it looks like the D-backs have just one open spot. Luke Weaver should be fully healthy after recovering from his forearm strain that wiped out nearly four months of his season last year. Mike Leake, who is dealing with a fracture in his non-throwing hand this spring, likely has a spot in the rotation locked up too. Many assumed Zac Gallen, acquired by the D-backs at the trade deadline last year, would have earned that last spot with his impressive rookie campaign, but apparently that’s not the case. Instead he’ll have some competition in the form of Merrill Kelly and Alex Young.

The fifth spot in the rotation is probably Gallen’s to lose, but both Kelly and Young bring intriguing profiles to the table that make this position battle a little more interesting than it may seem. Here’s a quick look at what ZiPS sees from this trio. Read the rest of this entry »


Stick It in Your Ear: How Rebellion Makes Baseball Occasionally Cool

Cheating, if you haven’t heard, is extremely cool. To look at the rules as listed, tilt your sunglasses down and, while loudly chewing gum, announce that nah, the rules are not for you, is the absolute peak of baditude. Why do you think teams have been doing it for generations? To weaken the integrity of the game and remind people that it’s nothing but a useless novelty and none of it really matters? Of course not. They’ve done it because rules are just the box society wants to keep us in. Our job as cool people is to continuously break out of it.

So it makes sense that Astros fans are leaning into their new persona as people desperate to be victims of an unclear injustice, “turning heel” to the rest of the league, as if they had at any point throughout this cheating scandal been considered heroes.

Is it “cool” to break the sport and get fans across baseball to wonder why they even bother watching? I mean, sort of. It’s at least been a more talkative offseason for baseball, with more going on than simply waiting for top free agents to sign somewhere. The violent spasms going on as baseball fights with a modern version of itself are unbecoming, but they are certainly more interesting than waiting out the late winter hellscape with a list of top ten spring training hairdos.

It’s an interesting exercise to look back through baseball and determine what has been “cool” through the years. You’re reading FanGraphs, so obviously you live at the intersection of “baseball” and “coolness.” But there was a time when coolness in this sport wasn’t defined by colorful charts or $30 t-shirts that warn people the wearer is despised among their peers. In fact, it was this day 20 years ago when we were reminded that baseball’s coolest players were identified by the bejeweling of their ear lobes. Read the rest of this entry »


Eric Longenhagen Chat 2/21/20

12:02
Eric A Longenhagen: Good morning, chat.

12:04
Eric A Longenhagen: There’s watchable Major League Baseball on today, which is lovely. I’ll be back on the team list grind starting next week (Philly and other Tampa cluster teams are up) but for now let’s chat all things baseba..

12:04
Toshi: Hi Eric,

Thank you for the chat. While ago, you mentioned during a chat that the Mariners got much better at developing pitchers. Is that because of (1) hiring new people who are good at it, (2) started embracing new philosophy or technology, (3) got better at drafting, or (4) something else? Thanks!

12:05
Eric A Longenhagen: 1 and 2. I was in Peoria to watch George Kirby and Sam Carlson throw bullpens earlier this week and they have a rapsodo and edgertronic going in the ‘pen. The dev staff changes have worked out (mostly, one very prominent example did not)

12:05
Matt: Where would oscar colas rate by fv from what you’ve heard/seen? And any rumors on who lead(s)?

12:06
Eric A Longenhagen: 35, he’ll be on the list of whoever signs him in the honorable mentions. Had a director comp him to a lot of the DH-only type 4A guys

Read the rest of this entry »