I have been FanGraphs’ Lead Prospect Analyst since the summer of 2016, and enough time has now passed that many of the players from the early era of my prospecting here have had big league careers unfold (or fail to). Hindsight allows me to have a pretty definitive idea of whether my call on a player was right or wrong in a binary sense, and to gauge any gap that may exist between my evaluation and what the player ultimately became. Looking back allows me to rate my approach to grading and ranking players so that I might begin to establish some baselines of self-assessment and see how I perform compared to my peers at other publications. For the third year — the 2017 review is here, while the 2018 review is here — I have gathered the various Top 100 prospect rankings from seven years ago for the purposes of such a self-assessment, an exercise I call “How’s My Driving?” This is my audit of the 2019 rankings. Read the rest of this entry »

The Padres farm system is currently ranked among the worst in the majors, but that isn’t the fault of their scouting or player development departments. Rather, it is because A.J. Preller keeps trading away quality prospects in an effort to boost the big league roster. Just last summer, San Diego’s president of baseball operations dealt Leo De Vries — the best prospect moved at the deadline in the opinion of Eric Longenhagen — as well as Braden Nett, Boston Bateman, Ryan Bergert, and several others. One year earlier, Jakob Marsee and Robby Snelling were among the youngsters moved.

That isn’t to say the cupboard has been left bare. While admittedly on the lighter side, the system does include a number of promising players. Mike Daly plays an important role in their development. Currently the club’s assistant director of player development, Daly has two-plus decades of experience in professional baseball, serving not only in player dev positions, but also as a scout and, for one season, a minor league manager.

Daly discussed the state of the Padres pipeline in a recent phone conversation.

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David Laurila: A.J. trades a lot of prospects. What is the process when prospective deals are discussed? I assume the player development and scouting departments have at least some say?

Mike Daly: “I can’t speak for A.J., but there is a lot of continuity. There are a number of people that have been with A.J., with the organization, for a number of years: Josh Stein, Pete DeYoung, Chris Kemp, to name just a few of the leaders. A lot of scouts come into our system and are able to see our players, and spend time with our players and our coaches. Certainly, our R&D department has a heavy say on our players. They know their value. They know what their projections look like. And then there are a lot of conversations amongst the PD group. So, whenever decisions are made about trading players, there are many voices factored in as we try to make the best decision for the organization.” Read the rest of this entry »

The St. Louis Cardinals boast one of the game’s best farm systems. Strong at the top and as deep as anyone’s — 53 players were profiled in yesterday’s rundown of the team’s top prospects — the pipeline possesses not only high-level talent procured through the amateur draft and international market, but also high-ceiling youngsters acquired via trade. Led by president of baseball operations Chaim Bloom, the NL Central club is firmly in rebuild mode, trusting its player development department to turn present-day promise into quality performance in the majors.

Rob Cerfolio is playing an important role in those efforts. Hired away from the Cleveland Guardians by Bloom — a fellow Yale University graduate — in October 2024, the 33-year-old holds the title of assistant general manager for player development and player performance. He profiles as a good fit for the job. Formerly Cleveland’s farm director, Cerfolio has been described by former Cardinals beat writer John Denton as someone who “prefers to operate while studying reams of biomechanical data, analyzing pitching arm angles and hitter swing paths and load profiles.”

Cerfolio discussed St. Louis’ player development philosophy, and some of the team’s most notable prospects, in a recent phone conversation.

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David Laurila: Your club recently acquired Jurrangelo Cijntje from Seattle. I assume you and Matt Pierpont — he used to be with the Mariners — were part of the in-house trade discussions?

Rob Cerfolio: “Yes, our director of pitching, Matt Pierpont, had Jurrangelo for half a year before I hired him over here. We did have input. That’s a fun part of this job, and part of why I left Cleveland for the opportunity: to impact deals like this, to have a voice in the room. Obviously, Chaim is the final decision-maker, but we run a really collaborative acquisition process. Everybody from Matt, who you brought up, to myself and the rest of our senior leadership team is weighing in on the various concepts and packages. Read the rest of this entry »

Below is an analysis of the prospects in the farm system of the St. Louis Cardinals. Scouting reports were compiled with information provided by industry sources as well as my own observations. This is the sixth year we’re delineating between two anticipated relief roles, the abbreviations for which you’ll see in the “position” column below: MIRP for multi-inning relief pitchers, and SIRP for single-inning relief pitchers. The ETAs listed generally correspond to the year a player has to be added to the 40-man roster to avoid being made eligible for the Rule 5 draft. Manual adjustments are made where they seem appropriate, but we use that as a rule of thumb.

A quick overview of what FV (Future Value) means can be found here. A much deeper overview can be found here.

All of the ranked prospects below also appear on The Board, a resource the site offers featuring sortable scouting information for every organization. It has more details (and updated TrackMan data from various sources) than this article and integrates every team’s list so readers can compare prospects across farm systems. It can be found here. Read the rest of this entry »

Last summer, an article titled Mark Gubicza Tackles a Challenging Career Quiz ran here at FanGraphs. In it, the Los Angeles Angels broadcaster did his best to answer matchup-specific questions from his playing days —- he pitched in the big leagues from 1984-1996 — such as which batter he allowed the most hits to, and who took him deep the most times. Along with taking a stab at the answers, Gubicza shared entertaining anecdotes about some of the hitters that were mentioned.

He isn’t the only pitcher-turned-broadcaster I challenged with (a version of) the quiz. Later in the season, I sat down with David Cone who, much like his 1980s-1990s contemporary, had fun stories to share.

I first asked the New York Yankees broadcast analyst which batter he faced the most times. Cone failed to come up with the correct answer, first guessing Will Clark (76 plate appearances), and then Juan Gonzalez (57), to who he recalled surrendering several gophers.

The answer is Roberto Alomar, against whom he matched up 93 times. What does he remember about facing the Hall of Fame second baseman?

“The thing that stands out — and he was a teammate of mine, too — is that Robbie was one of the best at picking up tipped pitches,” Cone told me. “Maybe a pitcher was doing something with his glove, and you kind of knew that Robbie would see that. But a lot of times he was using it as a bluff. Alex Cora does it to this day. You want the pitcher to think you have something on him, which gets into his head. It’s psychological warfare, and Robbie was the best at that.”

The batter with the most hits against him? Read the rest of this entry »

It’s the Saturday before the Super Bowl, which means it’s the last Saturday before the unofficial start of baseball season! Well, unless you subscribe to Davy Andrews’ philosophy that the baseball season begins when the first grainy cellphone footage of pitchers at their team’s spring training facility hits social media.

This has been an eventful week for the Tigers, who signed Framber Valdez to a three-year, $115 million contract on Wednesday night and then on Thursday were ordered by an arbitrator to pay two-time Cy Young winner Tarik Skubal a $32 million salary for the 2026 season, his final year under club control. That’s a lot of money for Detroit to dole out, but for that price, the Tigers have perhaps the best 1-2 rotation combo in the American League. For one year, I’d say that’s more than worth it. Michael Baumann broke down all the implications of the Skubal decision on Thursday afternoon.

That’s the last we’ll be talking about Skubal and Valdez today. Instead, we’ll be answering your questions about the all-time non-Hall of Famers teams, minor league payrolls, and which players we’d want to see pull a Philip Rivers. Before we do, I’d like to remind you that this mailbag is exclusive to FanGraphs Members. If you aren’t yet a Member and would like to keep reading, you can sign up for a Membership here. It’s the best way to both experience the site and support our staff, and it comes with a bunch of other great benefits. Also, if you’d like to ask a question for an upcoming mailbag, send me an email at mailbag@fangraphs.com. Read the rest of this entry »

Baseball is in the air. Grainy cellphone footage has started to leak out. The excitement for the World Baseball Classic is peaking. The last time we ran these power rankings, the offseason had just begun and teams were still making plans for how they were going to improve their rosters during the winter. This run of the rankings provides a good barometer for which teams took big steps forward with their splashy signings and big trades, and which ones have been left in the dust. Today I’ll cover the teams projected to finish under .500 in 2026, with those forecast for a .500 or better record to follow on Monday.

Our power rankings use a modified Elo rating system. If you’re familiar with chess rankings or FiveThirtyEight’s defunct sports section, you’ll know that Elo is an elegant ranking format that measures teams’ relative strength and is very reactive to recent performance. For these pre-spring training rankings, I’ve pulled the Depth Charts projections — now powered by both the 2026 Steamer and 2026 ZiPS projections — and calculated an implied Elo ranking for each team. First up are the rankings for teams 18-30, presented in a sortable table. Below that, I’ve grouped the teams into tiers, with comments on each club. The delta column in the table below shows the change in ranking from the last offseason run of the power rankings in November.

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It’s been a surprisingly quiet offseason for the Padres. They re-signed Michael King — a near necessity after seeing Dylan Cease depart in free agency and losing Yu Darvish for the season to elbow surgery — and Joe Musgrove should be healthy after missing all of 2025 with his own elbow surgery. But even with those two starters back in the fold, the rotation looks frighteningly shallow. You could probably say that about the entire roster, though. Years of win-now trades have depleted the farm system, and the upper minors look pretty devoid of meaningful depth. Maybe that won’t be a problem if everyone stays healthy, but the grind of the regular season means San Diego will inevitably have to dip into that depth at some point.

If the Rangers were going to squeeze every last ounce from this contention window that brought them a championship back in 2023, they needed to make some pretty dramatic moves this offseason. Trading Marcus Semien for Brandon Nimmo? Check. Sending a host of prospects to the Nationals for MacKenzie Gore? Check. Will it be enough to challenge the Mariners and Astros for the AL West crown? The projections aren’t convinced. Adding Gore to the starting rotation shifts the weight of expectations off of Jack Leiter and Kumar Rocker’s shoulders, but the pitching staff still looks weaker than the unit that led the majors in run prevention last year. On the offensive side of things, if you squint, you can see a healthy season from Corey Seager, a big step forward from Wyatt Langford and Evan Carter, and bounce-back campaigns from Joc Pederson and Jake Burger all powering an improved lineup. But that’s a lot of things that need to go right for Texas to hit its 90th-percentile win projection.

The Twins are in the midst of a significant transition at the organizational level. Last week, the team announced that it had “mutually agreed to part ways” with the president of baseball and business operations Derek Falvey. He had been at the helm since 2016, and combined with the huge teardown last summer, his departure represents a huge shift in direction for the franchise. Most of the moves the Twins have made this offseason have been on the fringes: They signed Josh Bell, Victor Caratini, and Taylor Rogers to short-term deals and have made a handful of small trades to clear space on their 40-man roster. And yet, they still have a strong core of players — including Joe Ryan, Pablo López, and Byron Buxton — and a trio of young position players — Luke Keaschall, Walker Jenkins, and Emmanuel Rodriguez — who could make an impact this year. The projections have them a hair below .500 right now, but it feels like that can swing dramatically depending on if they stick with the guys they have now or decide to continue selling off the talent they have left this summer.

The Reds blasted just 167 home runs last year, 10th fewest in the majors and a surprisingly low total for a team that calls Great American Ballpark home. Reuniting with Eugenio Suárez and his powerful bat should help in that regard. The rest of the lineup still has plenty of question marks. Will Elly De La Cruz bounce back after playing through a quad injury last summer? Can any of Spencer Steer, Matt McLain, or Noelvi Marte emerge as stars? Fortunately, the pitching staff looks like it will continue to be a strength. Led by Hunter Greene, the starting rotation should carry Cincinnati to the fringe of the NL Wild Card race. It worked out for the Reds last year, maybe lightning will strike twice.

The A’s continued to fortify the foundations of their roster by handing out a pair of seven-year contract extensions to Tyler Soderstrom and Jacob Wilson this offseason. Along with Brent Rooker, Lawrence Butler, and Rookie of the Year winner Nick Kurtz, those five players are signed or under team control through at least 2029. That means this core will still be with the team for its expected move to Las Vegas in a few years. Adding to the excitement is 19-year-old top prospect Leo De Vries, the prize from last summer’s Mason Miller trade who is developing quickly. Yet, for all that thump on offense, the less that’s said about the pitching staff, the better. That puts the A’s in an awkward position, where their lineup is plenty good enough to contend but their pitchers are lagging far behind. There are some promising young arms coming up through the organization, but they are still a few years away. In the meantime, the hurlers at the major league level will struggle to survive in the extremely hitter-friendly confines of West Sacramento’s Sutter Health Park.

The Rays snuck their way into three separate three-team deals this offseason, a near perfect encapsulation of their incremental approach to roster building. And with every other team in the AL East looking like a powerhouse, this year seems like a perfect moment for Tampa Bay to reset the roster and start building for its next contention window. Out are Brandon Lowe, Josh Lowe, and Shane Baz. In are Gavin Lux — probably a temporary stopgap at second base — and a collection of prospects to restock the farm system. Thankfully, Junior Caminero looks like a star to build around, and the pitching staff looks solid with the hopefully healthy return of Shane McClanahan.

Even if the rest of their offseason was quiet, it has to be seen as a success for the Guardians after they signed José Ramírez to a seven-year contract extension that should keep him in Cleveland through the end of his career. Locking up a future Hall of Famer to a team-friendly deal is something to be celebrated, especially since Ramírez has a pretty good shot at becoming the franchise’s best player of the last 100 years. But if you did want to quibble with the rest of the Guardians’ lack of activity this offseason, you could point to the small payroll savings they negotiated via Ramírez’s deal and the lack of reinvestment in the roster. Maybe those funds will trickle down to the roster in the near future, but the current group is pretty flawed. The Guardians were pretty lucky to win the AL Central last year, and the projections see them as the fourth-best team in that division heading into this season.

The Marlins did well to trade away from a position of strength — their starting rotation — to hopefully acquire an impact bat in Owen Caissie and restock their farm system with a gaggle of prospects. Eury Pérez took a big step forward last year after recovering from Tommy John surgery, and top pitching prospects Thomas White and Robby Snelling should get an opportunity to debut this year. These are small steps toward building a contender in Miami, but it feels like there’s some forward momentum here.

Chaim Bloom started tearing down the Cardinals as soon as he was installed as their president of baseball operations this offseason. He found trade partners for Nolan Arenado and Sonny Gray, removing the largest contracts on the team’s books, and also dealt Willson Contreras and Brendan Donovan for a bunch of prospects and draft picks. It’s a promising start to the Cardinals’ rebuild, and I’d expect more moves this summer. Meanwhile, top prospect JJ Wetherholt should have an opportunity to earn a spot on the Opening Day roster. That should give fans a glimpse of the future while the front office sorts out how to build a contender around him.

You can’t fault the Angels for attempting to raise their ceiling a little bit. They brought in five pitchers this offseason — Grayson Rodriguez, Alek Manoah, Jordan Romano, Kirby Yates, and Drew Pomeranz — who have each been fantastic at some point in the past, but have also dealt with significant injuries that have sapped their effectiveness. It’s a fine gamble to make, with the hope that at least one or two of them will actually make an impact this year. They also re-signed third baseman Yoán Moncada and acquired outfielder Josh Lowe, who will replace Taylor Ward in the outfield after they sent him to Baltimore in the Rodriguez deal. Will it be enough to lift the Halos out of their doldrums? No, probably not, but at least they’re trying something a little different.

New president of baseball operations Paul Toboni got right to work rebuilding the Nationals this winter. He dealt away MacKenzie Gore in the offseason’s biggest trade and made a savvy move to get catcher Harry Ford from the Mariners for lefty reliever Jose A. Ferrer. What these moves indicate is that Washington is about to embark on another rebuilding cycle after the last one petered out under former GM Mike Rizzo. James Wood is young enough, and under team control for long enough, that he should still be considered a big part of the team’s future. The same might not be true for CJ Abrams, though with three years left of control, the Nats shouldn’t be in a hurry to move on from their shortstop.

The White Sox had a pretty interesting offseason. Of course, the biggest headline was the signing of Munetaka Murakami to a two-year deal. It’s a huge risk, but it’s an exciting move that could pay off handsomely if Murakami adjusts to MLB pitching quickly. Chicago also moved on from Luis Robert Jr. and used some of the payroll savings to take Jordan Hicks’s contract off Boston’s hands in order to get an interesting pitching prospect in David Sandlin. With Colson Montgomery and Kyle Teel already making an impact in the majors, and Noah Schultz and Hagen Smith close to debuting, the shape of an interesting team is starting to emerge on the South Side.

Unlike some of the other front office hires this offseason, Paul DePodesta has taken a pretty quiet approach to reshaping the roster. The moves he’s made have all been focused on improving the margins of the roster. The Rockies have signed Willi Castro and Michael Lorenzen and traded for Jake McCarthy and Edouard Julien. The four newcomers provide some much-needed depth, but none of them really raises the ceiling of the ball club. I guess we’ll have to wait for this summer to see if there are any impactful trades in the offing.

Seldom, if ever, has the baseball world waited on tenterhooks to hear the result of a salary arbitration case, but most arbitration-eligible players are not Tarik Skubal. On this point, the arbitrator seems to have agreed, granting the Tigers left-hander a record $32 million salary for his final year of team control.

Arbitration cases themselves are usually back-page news. The question is not whether a player will return to his previous team, but how much he’ll be paid. Only people who work in baseball and unrecoverable RosterResource addicts care about such things, especially because the club’s offer and the player’s request usually only differ by a small amount. Read the rest of this entry »

The biggest name remaining in free agency is now off the board, as Framber Valdez agreed to a three-year, $115 million contract with the Detroit Tigers on Wednesday night. The 32-year-old lefty, who ranked fourth on our Top 50 Free Agents list, hit the open market for the first time in his major league career this winter after parts of eight seasons with the Astros. In his final season in Houston, Valdez put up a 3.66 ERA and a 3.37 FIP in 31 starts over 192 innings, good enough to reach the 4.0-WAR mark for the third time in his career. His new deal with the Tigers comes with an opt out after the 2027 season, $20 million of the deal in the form of a signing bonus, and some unknown amount of deferred money, which will reduce the overall value of his contract by, well, an unknown amount.

For the Tigers, the benefits of adding Valdez to the rotation are quite clear. Of course, he would improve any team, since having too many good pitchers has been an actual problem zero times in baseball history, but he fits Detroit’s needs like a glove. The Tigers have managed to get their rotation through the season successfully over the last two years despite a lack of depth, but come playoff time, they have basically gone with a starting staff of Tarik Skubal and a trio of shrug emojis. Don’t believe me? Detroit has played 15 games across the last two postseasons, and I will now run down the full list of five-inning starts by Tigers pitchers with last names that aren’t Skubal:

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Oh, sorry, I was eating tacos. There aren’t any players on that list. Signing Valdez gives the Tigers a dependable no. 2 starter, one who is better and with a better health record than Jack Flaherty. While I’m chaotic-neutral enough to get a thrill out of A.J. Hinch’s admitting in press conferences that he and the front office were basically coming up with the pitcher assignments as they went along, I’m sure that’s not an ideal scenario for making decisions. Read the rest of this entry »

On Monday, Michael Rosen wrote a fun article about catcher blocking. He didn’t just write about it; he created his own blocking metric from scratch in order to grade every catcher in the game and to understand how much value a single block or passed ball can carry. The whole article is excellent, but one piece in particular caught my eye. Michael put together a supercut of Agustín Ramírez’s passed balls, all of which shared a theme. They weren’t the pitches in the dirt that you’d expect to end up as passed balls. They were normal pitches on the edges of the zone, ones that Ramírez tried so hard to frame them that he ended up missing them entirely. Michael drew the obvious inference: His framing focus, I believe, may have led to some of these inexcusable passed balls. At the risk of piling on, here are the pitches in question:

I’m so sorry, Agustín. This is brutal, and it makes Michael’s point very bluntly. It also makes me wonder about the relationship between the framing skill and the blocking skill. Does selling out to be a better framer hurt your blocking? Clearly, it can and at least sometimes does for Ramírez, but it still doesn’t strike me as a particularly likely hypothesis overall. Moreover, even if framing does hurt your blocking, the trade-off would certainly be worth it. Read the rest of this entry »